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MRCS anatomy > LL: Gluteal region > Flashcards

LL: Gluteal region Flashcards

1
Q

Pelvis bony anatomy

A
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2
Q

Femoral triangle borders

A

Inguinal ligament

Sartorius

Adductor longus

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3
Q

Floor of femoral triangle

A
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4
Q

Roof of femoral triangle

A

fascia lata

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5
Q

Structures in femoral triangle

A

Medial to lateral VAN

Lymphatics

Femoral vein

Femoral artery

Femoral nerve

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6
Q

Femoral canal content

A

Lymphatics

Cloquet’s lymph node

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7
Q

Femoral sheath

A

Covers femoral artery vein and femoral canal

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8
Q

What fascia gives rise to femoral canal

A

Continuation of extraperitoneal fascia

Anteriorly formed by fascia from transversalis fascia

Posteriorly formed by fascia from ilio-psoas fascia

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9
Q

Femoral canal borders

A

Anterior: inguinal ligament

Lateral: femoral vein

Medial: lacunar ligament

Posterior: Pectineal ligament

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10
Q

Clinical significance of femoral canal

A

Femoral hernias strangulate in this space

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11
Q

Deep muscles of gluteal region

A
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12
Q

Origin and insertion of piriformis

A

Anterior surface of sacrum

Greater trochanter

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13
Q

Origin and insertion of obturator internus

A

Internal surface of obturator foramen

Greater trochanter

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14
Q

Gemillus superior origin and insertion

A

External surface of ischial spine

Greater trochanter

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15
Q

Gemillus inferior origin and insertion

A

Ischial tuborisity

Greater trochanter

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16
Q

Quadratus femoris origin and insertion

A

Anterior to ischial tuboresity

Intertrochanteric crest

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17
Q

Function of piriformis

A

Lateral rotation/abduction

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18
Q

Function of obturator internus

A

Lateral rotation/abduction of hip

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19
Q

Gemillus superior function

A

Lateral rotation/abduction

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20
Q

Gemillus inferior function

A

Lateral rotation/abduction

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21
Q

Quadratus femoris function

A

Laterally rotates hip

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22
Q

Gluteus minimus origin and insertion

A

Inferior and anterior gluteal lines

Greater trochanter

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23
Q

Gluteus medius origin and insertion

A

Anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Greater trochanter

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24
Q

Gluteal maximus origin and insertion

A

Posterior gluteal line/ fascia covering gluteus medius

iliotibial tract of fascia lata and gluteal tuberosity

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25
Tensor fasciae latae origin and insertion
Lateral ilial crest Iliotibial tract
26
Gluteus minimus and medius function
abduct femur
27
Gluteus maximus function
Hip extension Lateral rotation/abduction
28
Tensor fasciae latae function
Stabilises knee extension
29
Innervation of piriformis
L5 S1 S2
30
Innervation of obturator internus
Nerve to obturator internus
31
Innervation of gemellus superior
Obturator internus
32
Innervation of gemellus inferior
Nerve to quadratus femoris
33
Innervation of tensor fasciae latae
Superior gluteal nerve
34
Innervation of gluteaus medius and minimus
Superior gluteal nerve
35
Innervation of gluteus maximus
Inferior gluteal nerve
36
Structures through the greater sciatic foramen below piriformis
SNIP NIP Sciatic nerve Nerve to obturator internus Internal pudendal artery and vein Pudendal nerve Nerve to quadratus femoris Inferior gluteal artery, vein and nerve Posterior cutanous nerve
37
Structures through the greater sciatic foramen above piriformis
Superior gluteal nerve artery and vein
38
Structures through lesser sciatic foramen
Obturator internus tendon Pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels
39
Structures through obturator canal
Obturator nerve Obturator vessels
40
Structures through gap between inguinal ligament and pelvis
Muscles: psoas major, illiacus, pectineus Vessels: femoral A+V, Nerves: femoral nerve, femoral branch of genitofemoral, lateral cutanous nerve of the thigh
41
Nerves of gluteal region
42
Origin of arteries supplying hip
External iliac -\> profunda femoris -\> medial, lateral circumflex femoral arteries, ascending 1st perforator Internal iliac -\> gluteal arteries Obturator artery → head of femur (ligamentum teres artery)
43
Trochanteric anastemosis
Inferior and superior gluteal arteries Medial and lateral circumflex arteries
44
Cruciate anastemosis
45
Veins of lower leg
46
Course of long saphenous vein
Starts at the confluence of dorsal vein of big toe and dorsal venous arch Goes anterior to medial malleolus and goes posterior to tibia in the popliteal fossa Goes up the medial aspect of the thigh until it pierces the fascia lata to enter femorasaphenous junction (2cm lateral and inferior to pubic tubercle)
47
Tributaries to great saphenous vein
Variable position but some say: 1cm below and above medial malleolus 10 cm above medial malleolus Half way up the calf Just below knee
48
Which nerve close to great saphenous vein? what is its significance?
Saphenous nerve (branch of femoral nerve) Could be damaged in lower leg great saphenous vein stripping
49
Lymphatics of lower leg
Superficial inguinal Deep inguinal Popliteal nodes
50
What does deep inguinal node drain
femoral vessels glans of penis/clitoris
51
What does superficial inguinal node drain
gluteal region perineum lower abdo
52
Lower limb dermatomes
53
Lower limb myotomes
54
Pudendal canal location
Within the obturator internus fascia
55
Pudendal canal aka
Aclocks canal
56
Pudendal canal content
Pudendal artery, nerve, vein
57
Structures passing through greater/lesser sciatic foramen
Pudendal nerve Internal pudendal artery Nerve to obturator
58
Sciatic nerve root
L4 - S3
59
Femoral nerve root
L2-4
60
Sciatic nerve course
61
Arterial supply of gluteus maximus vs medius
Max= inferior gluteal artery Min= superior gluteal artery
62
Layers that you go through during posterior approach to hip
Skin Subcut fascia Gluteal fascia Gluteus maximus Short external rotators Hip capsule
63
Which nerves in danger in posterior approach to hip
sciatic Superior gluteal n

MRCS anatomy (27 decks)

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