Living World Flashcards
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces two identical diploid cells; meiosis produces four unique haploid gametes.
What are the stages of mitosis?
Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, cytokinesis
What are the stages of meiosis?
Meiosis I (Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I) and Meiosis II (Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II).
What is a key event that happens during prophase?
Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes and the nuclear membrane breaks down.
What is crossing over?
The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during Prophase I of meiosis, increasing genetic diversity.
What are haploid and diploid cells?
Haploid (N) cells have one set of chromosomes (e.g., gametes), while diploid (2N) cells have two sets (e.g., body cells).
What is the difference between body cells and sex cells?
Body cells are diploid for growth; sex cells (gametes) are haploid for reproduction.
What is a gamete?
A reproductive cell (sperm or egg) that carries half the genetic information.
How many chromosomes are in human body cells and sex cells?
Body cells have 46 chromosomes; gametes have 23 chromosomes.
What happens during interphase
+6 chromosomes
What happens during prophase
Chromosomes add up to 92
What happens during prophase
Chromosomes add up to 92
Metaphase
Chromosomes align at middle of the cell
Anaphase
Seperated chromosomes pulled apart
Telophase
Micro tubules disappear cell division begins
