DNA structure

Question 1

What is the structure of DNA?

Answer 1

DNA is a double helix composed of a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases.

Question 2

What are the nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Answer 2

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Question 3

What is base pairing?

Answer 3

A pairs with T and C pairs with G in the DNA structure.

Question 4

What are genes and chromosomes?

Answer 4

Genes are segments of DNA on chromosomes, which carry genetic information.

Question 5

What is the function of DNA?

Answer 5

DNA stores and transmits genetic information and instructions for protein synthesis.

Question 6

What is inheritance?

Answer 6

Inheritance is the process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring.

Question 7

What are mutations?

Answer 7

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can affect protein production.

Question 8

What are the types of mutations?

Answer 8

Silent, missense, nonsense, and frameshift mutations.

Question 9

What are Punnett squares used for?

Answer 9

Punnett squares predict the probability of offspring inheriting certain traits.

Question 10

What is a dominant trait?

Answer 10

A trait that is expressed in the phenotype even if only one allele is present.

Question 11

What is a recessive trait?

Answer 11

A trait that is only expressed when two copies of the allele are present.