Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

systems- GI > Liver Symposium: Viral liver disease/alcohol related problems/liver transplantation issues > Flashcards

Liver Symposium: Viral liver disease/alcohol related problems/liver transplantation issues Flashcards

1
Q

what is viral hepatitis caused by?

A

5 main types of virus

A, B, C, D and E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what viruses are enteric viruses?

A

hepatitis A and E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what viruses are parental viruses?

A

hepatits B, C and D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what viruses cause self limiting acute infections?

A

hep A and E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what viruses cause chronic disease?

A

hep B, C and D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how is hep A transmitted?

A

Faecal - oral
sexual
blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

most likely group to get hep A

A

5-14 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

who get immunised with hep A virus

A 
Travellers
Patients with chronic liver disease
IDU (especially with HCV or HBV)
Haemophiliacs
Occupational exposure
lab workers
Men who have sex with men (MSM)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

function of hepatitis surface antigen

A

prescence of virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

function of hepatitis e antigen

A

active replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

function of hepatitis core antigen

A

active replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

function of HBV DNA

A

active replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

function of Anti-HBs

A

protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

function of IgM anti-HBc

A

acute infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

function of IgG anti HBc

A

chronic infction/exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

function of anti HBe

A

inactive virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is HDV

A 
Small RNA virus,
-does not code for its own protein coat
-enveloped by HBsAg
Co-infection or super-infection with HBV
Transmission as for HBV
Very resistant to treatment
18
Q

whats the commonest cause of acute hepatitis?

A

hepatitis E

19
Q

what is hepatitis G

A

related to HCV

20
Q

what is hepatitis GB?

A

cause liver disease

21
Q

what is non alcoholic fatty liver disease?

A

Simple steatosis
Non alcoholic steatohepatitis
Fibrosis and cirrhosis

22
Q

what causes NAFLD?

A

Diabetes mellitus
Obesity
Hypertriglyceridemia
Hypertension

23
Q

risk factors for NAFLD

A

age
ethnicity
genetic factors

24
Q

diagnosis of NAFLD

A 
Biochemical tests: AST/ALT ratio
Enhanced liver fibrosis panel (ELF) (hyaluronic acid, TIMP-1, and PIIINP) 
Cytokeratin-18
Ultrasound
Fibroscan
MR/CT
MR Spectroscopy: Actually quantify fat
Liver biopsy
25
Q

high risk NAFLD scores

A 
Age 						>45
Diabetes
Present
*IFG ≥ 7 mmol/L
BMI 							>30
AST: ALT 						>1(AST>ALT)
Platelet count 				Low <150
Albumin 		
Low <34
26
Q

treatment of NAFLD

A

Diet and weight reduction
Exercise
Insulin sensitizers e.g. Metformin, Pioglitazone
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues e.g. Liraglutide
Farnesoid X nuclear receptor ligand e.g. Obeticholic acid
Vitamin E
Weight reduction surgeries

27
Q

which antibody is elevated in autoimmune hepatitis?

A

IgG

28
Q

whos more likely to get autoimmune hepatitis

A

females

29
Q

what are the three types of antibodies in autoimmune hepatitis

A

Type 1: ANA, SMA
Type 2: LKM1
Type 3: SLA

30
Q

whos more likely to get primary biliary cholangitis

A

females

31
Q

which antibody is elevated in primary biliary cholangitis

A

IgM

32
Q

which bile duct is involved in primary biliary cholangitis?

A

intrahepatic

33
Q

whos more likely to get primary sclerosing cholangitis?

A

males

34
Q

whixh antibody is positive in primary sclerosing cholangitis?

A

pANCA

35
Q

which bile ducts are involved in primary sclerosing cholangitis

A

intra and extrahepatic

36
Q

what is the test of choice for primary biliary cholangitis?

A

MRCP

37
Q

who do we transplant?

A

Chronic liver disease with poor predicted survival

Chronic liver disease with associated poor quality of life

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Acute liver failure

Genetic diseases e.g. primary oxaluria, tyrosemia

38
Q

contraindications for transplant

A

Active extrahepatic malignancy

Hepatic malignancy with macrovascular or diffuse tumor invasion

Active and uncontrolled infection outside of the hepatobiliary system

Active substance or alcohol abuse

Severe cardiopulmonary or other comorbid conditions

Psychosocial factors that would likely preclude recovery after
transplantation

Technical and/or anatomical barriers

Brain death

39
Q

how do we prioritise cirrhosis?

A

Child’s Pugh scoring A, B and C
MELD score ( Bilirubin, Creatinine and INR)
UKELD( Bilirubin, Sodium, Creatinine and INR)

40
Q

what happens after post operative treatment ?

A 
Post operative ICU care
Multidisciplinary care
Prophylactic antibiotics and anti-fungal drugs
Anti-rejection drugs
Steroids
Azathioprine
Tacrolimus/Cyclosporine

systems- GI (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions