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systems- GI > anatomy overview 2 > Flashcards

anatomy overview 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the order of gut tube?

A

foregut, midgut, hindgut

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2
Q

what are the possible diseases of foregut?

A

peptic ulcer/ gastric disease

biliary/pancreatic disease

hepatic disease

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3
Q

what are the possible diseases in the midgut?

A

appendicitis

small bowel obstruction

proximal colon cancer

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4
Q

what are the possible diseases in the hindgut?

A

large bowel obstruction
diverticular disease

carcinoma of colon

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5
Q

what type of tissue is the oesophagus?

A

muscular

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6
Q

what are the three constrictions of the esophagus

A

cervical
thoracic
diaphragmatic

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7
Q

what are the different parts of the stomach?

A

cardia
fundus
body
pyloric part

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8
Q

which side is the greater curvature?

A

left

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9
Q

what does the pyloric sphincter do?

A

controls discharge of stomach contents into the duodenum

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10
Q

what is congenital pyloric stenosis?

A

thickening of the smooth muscle in the pylorus

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11
Q

whats the space between lesser curvature and liver?

A

lesser omentum

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12
Q

what is the surface anatomy of the liver?

A

ribs 7-11 on right side

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13
Q

what does the biliary ducts do?

A

carry bile from the liver to gallbladder

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14
Q

where is bile produced?

A

liver

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15
Q

where is bile stored and concentrated in?

A

gall bladder

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16
Q

how much bile can the gall bladder store up?

A

50ml

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17
Q

where is the triangle of calot?

A

triangle between common hepatic duct, cystic duct and visceral surface of liver

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18
Q

where does the cystic artery lie?

A

triangle of calot

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19
Q

is pancreas retroperitoneal or peritoneal?

A

retroperitoneal

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20
Q

where does the pancreas lie?

A

transpyloric plane L1/L2

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21
Q

what is the spleen

A

mobile haemo-lymphoid organ

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22
Q

where is the spleen located?

A

left hypochondrium

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23
Q

is the whole of the spleen covered by peritoneum?

A

no- everywhere apart from the hilum

24
Q

what ribs is the spleen located at?

A

ribs 9 to 11

25
Q

what is the most frequently injured abdominal organ?

A

spleen

26
Q

what is splenomegaly?

A

abnormal enlargement of spleen

27
Q

what supplies the foregut with blood?

A

celiac trunk

28
Q

where is the celiac trunk origin?

A

abdominal aorta T12

29
Q

what are the branches of celiac trunk?

A

left gastric artery

hepatic artery

splenic artery

30
Q

where does the left gastric artery go?

A

runs along the lesser curvature of the stomach

31
Q

where does the hepatic artery go?

A

supply liver and gallbladder

32
Q

where does the splenic artery go?

A

runs retroperitoneally along the superior margin of the pancreas

33
Q

what are the midgut structures?

A

small intestine including most of duodenum

the cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and the right half to two-thirds of the transverse colon

34
Q

what is the shortest, widest and most fixed of the small intestine?

A

duodenum

35
Q

what is the colour of jejunum and ileum

A

J- deeper red

I- pale pink

36
Q

what is thicker the jejunum or ileum?

A

jejunum

37
Q

which has a longer vasa recta? between jejunum or ileum

A

jejunum

38
Q

what has more lymphoid nodules between jejunum or ileum?

A

ileum

39
Q

what is the blood supply for midgut?

A

superior mesenteric artery

40
Q

where is the origin of the midgut blood supply?

A

branch of abdominal aorta L1

41
Q

what are the branches of superior mesenteric artery

A

jejunal and ileal arteries

42
Q

what are the hindgut structures?

A

left one-third of transverse colon, descending colom, sigmoid colon, rectum and upper part of anal canal

43
Q

what does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A

hndgut

44
Q

how can the large intestine be distinguished from the small intestine?

A

omental appedices, haustra/sacculations

teniae coli

45
Q

what are omental appedices?

A

small fatty, peritoneal like projections

46
Q

what os teniae coli?

A

thickened bands of smooth muscle

47
Q

what is the most common position of the appendix?

A

retrocecal

48
Q

what is macburney’s point?

A

site of maximum tenderness in acute appendicities

49
Q

where is the origin of the blood supply of the hindugt?

A

anterior branch of abdominal aorta

50
Q

what are the branches of inferior mesenteric artery?

A

left colic, sigmoid arteries and superior rectal artery

51
Q

what is the terminal branch of inferior mesenteric artery?

A

superior rectal artery

52
Q

what is the rectum?

A

pelvic part of the gut tube

53
Q

what is the function of portal vein?

A

it collects poorly oxygenated but nutrient rich blood from the abdominal part of GI tract

54
Q

which duct receives most of the lymph from abdominal wall and abdominal organs

A

thoracic duct

55
Q

what are the three terminal groups of lumbar nodes?

A

pre-aortic
lateral aortic
retro-aortic

systems- GI (40 decks)

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