anatomy overview 2

Question 1

what is the order of gut tube?

Answer 1

foregut, midgut, hindgut

Question 2

what are the possible diseases of foregut?

Answer 2

peptic ulcer/ gastric disease

biliary/pancreatic disease

hepatic disease

Question 3

what are the possible diseases in the midgut?

Answer 3

appendicitis

small bowel obstruction

proximal colon cancer

Question 4

what are the possible diseases in the hindgut?

Answer 4

large bowel obstruction
diverticular disease

carcinoma of colon

Question 5

what type of tissue is the oesophagus?

Answer 5

muscular

Question 6

what are the three constrictions of the esophagus

Answer 6

cervical
thoracic
diaphragmatic

Question 7

what are the different parts of the stomach?

Answer 7

cardia
fundus
body
pyloric part

Question 8

which side is the greater curvature?

Answer 8

left

Question 9

what does the pyloric sphincter do?

Answer 9

controls discharge of stomach contents into the duodenum

Question 10

what is congenital pyloric stenosis?

Answer 10

thickening of the smooth muscle in the pylorus

Question 11

whats the space between lesser curvature and liver?

Answer 11

lesser omentum

Question 12

what is the surface anatomy of the liver?

Answer 12

ribs 7-11 on right side

Question 13

what does the biliary ducts do?

Answer 13

carry bile from the liver to gallbladder

Question 14

where is bile produced?

Answer 14

liver

Question 15

where is bile stored and concentrated in?

Answer 15

gall bladder

Question 16

how much bile can the gall bladder store up?

Answer 16

50ml

Question 17

where is the triangle of calot?

Answer 17

triangle between common hepatic duct, cystic duct and visceral surface of liver

Question 18

where does the cystic artery lie?

Answer 18

triangle of calot

Question 19

is pancreas retroperitoneal or peritoneal?

Answer 19

retroperitoneal

Question 20

where does the pancreas lie?

Answer 20

transpyloric plane L1/L2

Question 21

what is the spleen

Answer 21

mobile haemo-lymphoid organ

Question 22

where is the spleen located?

Answer 22

left hypochondrium

Question 23

is the whole of the spleen covered by peritoneum?

Answer 23

no- everywhere apart from the hilum

Question 24

what ribs is the spleen located at?

Answer 24

ribs 9 to 11

Question 25

what is the most frequently injured abdominal organ?

Answer 25

spleen

Question 26

what is splenomegaly?

Answer 26

abnormal enlargement of spleen

Question 27

what supplies the foregut with blood?

Answer 27

celiac trunk

Question 28

where is the celiac trunk origin?

Answer 28

abdominal aorta T12

Question 29

what are the branches of celiac trunk?

Answer 29

left gastric artery hepatic artery splenic artery

Question 30

where does the left gastric artery go?

Answer 30

runs along the lesser curvature of the stomach

Question 31

where does the hepatic artery go?

Answer 31

supply liver and gallbladder

Question 32

where does the splenic artery go?

Answer 32

runs retroperitoneally along the superior margin of the pancreas

Question 33

what are the midgut structures?

Answer 33

small intestine including most of duodenum the cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and the right half to two-thirds of the transverse colon

Question 34

what is the shortest, widest and most fixed of the small intestine?

Answer 34

duodenum

Question 35

what is the colour of jejunum and ileum

Answer 35

J- deeper red I- pale pink

Question 36

what is thicker the jejunum or ileum?

Answer 36

jejunum

Question 37

which has a longer vasa recta? between jejunum or ileum

Answer 37

jejunum

Question 38

what has more lymphoid nodules between jejunum or ileum?

Answer 38

ileum

Question 39

what is the blood supply for midgut?

Answer 39

superior mesenteric artery

Question 40

where is the origin of the midgut blood supply?

Answer 40

branch of abdominal aorta L1

Question 41

what are the branches of superior mesenteric artery

Answer 41

jejunal and ileal arteries

Question 42

what are the hindgut structures?

Answer 42

left one-third of transverse colon, descending colom, sigmoid colon, rectum and upper part of anal canal

Question 43

what does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

Answer 43

hndgut

Question 44

how can the large intestine be distinguished from the small intestine?

Answer 44

omental appedices, haustra/sacculations | teniae coli

Question 45

what are omental appedices?

Answer 45

small fatty, peritoneal like projections

Question 46

what os teniae coli?

Answer 46

thickened bands of smooth muscle

Question 47

what is the most common position of the appendix?

Answer 47

retrocecal

Question 48

what is macburney's point?

Answer 48

site of maximum tenderness in acute appendicities

Question 49

where is the origin of the blood supply of the hindugt?

Answer 49

anterior branch of abdominal aorta

Question 50

what are the branches of inferior mesenteric artery?

Answer 50

left colic, sigmoid arteries and superior rectal artery

Question 51

what is the terminal branch of inferior mesenteric artery?

Answer 51

superior rectal artery

Question 52

what is the rectum?

Answer 52

pelvic part of the gut tube

Question 53

what is the function of portal vein?

Answer 53

it collects poorly oxygenated but nutrient rich blood from the abdominal part of GI tract

Question 54

which duct receives most of the lymph from abdominal wall and abdominal organs

Answer 54

thoracic duct

Question 55

what are the three terminal groups of lumbar nodes?

Answer 55

pre-aortic lateral aortic retro-aortic