grand tour of alimentary canal

Question 1

what are the functions of the digestive system?

Answer 1

digestion
secretion
absorption
motility

Question 2

function of the mouth?

Answer 2

Foodstuffs broken down by chewing; saliva added as lubricant

Question 3

function of the oesophagus?

Answer 3

Conduit between mouth and stomach

Question 4

function of the stomach?

Answer 4

Digestion of proteins; foodstuffs reduced to liquid form; storage; sterilisation

Question 5

function of the pancreas?

Answer 5

Digestive enzymes for digestion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins

Question 6

function of the liver?

Answer 6

Bile salts for digestion/absorption of fats in small intestine

Question 7

function of the gallbladder?

Answer 7

Stores and concentrates bile

Question 8

function of the small intestine?

Answer 8

Final stages of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption

Question 9

function of the large intestine?

Answer 9

Water absorption, bacterial fermentation and formation of faeces

Question 10

what are the distinctive layers of the alimentary canal?

Answer 10

mucosa
submucosa
muscularis externa
serosa/adventitia

Question 11

what kind of epithelium is inside the mouth, oesophagus, anal canal

Answer 11

stratified squamous

Question 12

what kind of epithelium is inside the stomach, small and large intestine?

Answer 12

simple columnar

Question 13

what is the function of the epithelium of the mucosa?

Answer 13

Barrier separating lumen of alimentary canal from body
Synthesis and secretion of digestive enzymes, hormones, mucus
Absorbs products of digestion

Question 14

what tissue is the lamina propria?

Answer 14

loose connective tissue

Question 15

what type of tissue is muscularis mucosae?

Answer 15

thin smooth muscle layer

Question 16

why is the submucosa thick, irregular connective tissue?

Answer 16

supports mucosa

Question 17

where are the submucosal glands?

Answer 17

oesophagus and duodenum

Question 18

what kind of tissue is the serosa/adventitia?

Answer 18

connective tissue outer layer of alimentary canal

Question 19

what happens outside the peritoneal cavity?

Answer 19

adventitia attaches oesophagus and rectum to surrounding structures

Question 20

what happens inside peritoneal cavity?

Answer 20

serosa surrounds stomach, small intestine and large intestine

Question 21

what kind of muscle is present in the inner layer of muscularis externa

Answer 21

circular muscle- constricts lumen

Question 22

what kind of muscle is present in the outer layer of the muscularis externa?

Answer 22

longitudinal muscle- shortens tube

Question 23

where is the myenteric plexus situated?

Answer 23

between circular and longitudinal muscle