Liver Parasites Flashcards
What is E. granulosus? What does it cause? What does it’s metacestode form?
Echinococcus granulosus is a tapeworm, who’s metacestode forms the Hydatid cyst. It causes hydatid disease.
How can you recognise E. granulosus cysts and worm?
Large fluid filled cyst, filled with hydatid sand (protoscolices and brood capsules). Tape worm is small (~3 proglottids).
What is the definitive and IH of E.granulosus?
FH = Dog/canidae. IH = Sheep/goats/cattle.
How is E. granulosus transmitted from F host to I host? What is it’s PPP?
Sheep ingest embryonated eggs in faeces, forms Hydatid cyst in liver, Dog ingests uncooked meat. PPP = 6-7 weeks.
What are the important control measures for eradication of E. granulosus? What is the drug?
Regular treatment (6 week intervals) of dogs with PRAZIQUANTEL. Education, test dogs, don’t feed dogs raw offal.
What is E. multilocularis? What does it cause? What does it’s metacestode form?
Echinococcus is a tapeworm that causes alveolar hydatid disease. Metacestode = alveolar hydatid cyst.
How do E. granulosus and E. multilocularis differ?
E. multilocularis is not in the UK, it is bigger than E.G. Forms alveolar hydatid cyst, PPP = 4-5 weeks. IH = Rodents.
What drugs is important to remember for E. granulosus and E. multilocularis?
Praziquantel.
What is Fasciola Hepatica? What is it’s intermediate host?
Liver fluke. IH = mud snail.
What is the lifecycle of F. hepatica?
Egg in faeces, Egg hatches in water, miricidium penetrate mud snail, develop in snail, cercariae released, metecercariae on vegetation, ingestion.
What happens once F. hepatica is ingested?
Migrate across peritoneal cavity and through the liver causing destruction, until they finally reach the bile duct.
How does egg no. related to type of disease?
More eggs ingested at once = worse disease. E.g. >1000 imm flukes = sudden death.
How can you recognise Galba trunculata (mud snail)? Why is it important?
Brown/black, 5/6 spirals with first one half the body length. It spreads F. hepatica.
How can you control F. hepatica?
Triclabendazole, control snails.
