Liver Disorders and Cirrhosis Flashcards
Liver
- complex organ
- multiple metabolic, regulatory functions
- metabolism of proteins, carbs
- vital to digestion, metabolism of nutrients
Cirrhosis
- end stage chronic liver disease
- progressive
- irreversible
Alcoholic cirrhosis
most common form
Liver Disease
impaired liver cells has multiple effects:
-impaired protein metabolism with decreased production of albumin and clotting factors
Low albumin levels
edema in peripheral tissues and ascites
- glucose alterations (hypo/hyper)
- inadequate Vit K, affects clotting factors, leads to bleeding tendency
- feminization in men and irregular menses in women
Cirrhosis Etiology
- most common cause of liver dz in the US
- end stage chronic liver dz
- progressive, irreversible, leads to liver failure
Cirrhosis may result from..
- chronic Hep B or C
- prolonged biliary obstruction
- long term, severe HF
- other liver dz’s
Cirrhosis Patho
- functional liver tissue replaced by fibrous scar tissue
- hepatocytes and liver lobules are destroyed, metabolic functions are lost
- structurally abnormal nodules encircled by connective tissue form
- restricted blood flow leads to portal HTN
- incidence and mortality vary greatly among populations
Alcohol causes…
metabolic changes in liver
Biliary cirrhosis
bile flow obstructed within liver, biliary system
Post-hepatic cirrhosis
-results from chronic hepatitis or unknown cause
Risk factors..
alcohol use, injection drug use
Early stage Clinical Manifestation
- liver enlarged, may be tender
- weight loss, weakness, anorexia
As disease progresses…
manifestations related to liver cell failure
-portal HTN
Cirrhosis Tx
- supportive
- slowing progression to liver failure