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MS2 Exam 3 > Hyperthyroidism > Flashcards

Hyperthyroidism Flashcards

1
Q

Thyroid Gland

A

-small saddle-shaped gland that wraps around the anterior portion of the trachea

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2
Q

Thyroid gland primarily affects…

A
  • metabolism
  • cardiovascular
  • GI
  • neuromuscular
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3
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A
  • caused by excessive delivery of TH
  • increases metabolic rate
  • heightens sympathetic nervous systems’ response
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4
Q

Etiology of Hyperthyroidism

A
  • autoimmune stimulation
  • excess secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone
  • excessive intake of thyroid meds
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5
Q

Risk factors for hyperthyroidism

A
  • women (10x more likely)
  • genetics
  • fam hx of graves
  • increased iodine intake
  • 20-40 yrs in age
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6
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Hyperthyroidism

A
  • Hypermetabolism
  • increased appetite with wt loss
  • hypermotile bowels
  • heat intolerance, insomnia
  • palpitations
  • increased sweating
  • hair changes
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7
Q

General S/S of Graves

A
  • fatigue
  • goiter
  • heat intolerance
  • increased GI motility
  • wt loss with increased appetite
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8
Q

Psych S/S of Graves

A
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • irritability
  • nervousness
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9
Q

Cardio S/S of Graves

A
  • A fib
  • Palpitations
  • Systolic ejection murmur
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10
Q

Opthalmic S/S of Graves

A
  • eyelid retraction
  • lid lag
  • stare
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11
Q

Derm S/S of Graves

A
  • pruritus
  • smooth skin
  • sweating
  • warm, moist skin
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12
Q

Neuromuscular S/S of Graves

A
  • hyperactive deep tendon reflex

- tremor

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13
Q

Reproductive S/S of Graves

A
  • ED
  • gynecomastia
  • irregular menses
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14
Q

Graves Dz

A

-type of autoimmune problem that causes the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormone, which is called hyperthyroidism.

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15
Q

Thyroiditis

A
  • T4 and T3 levels initially elevated, but depress over time
  • recovery may be complete in weeks or months
  • bacterial, tx with antibiotics or surgical drain
  • NSAIDs progressing to corticosteroids if needed
  • Propranolol/Atenolol may be used to tx cardiovascular symptoms r/t hyperthyroid state
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16
Q

Thyroid Storm

A
  • Thyrotoxic crisis
  • extreme state of hyperthyroidism
  • considered life threatening emergency, death rare when tx started early
17
Q

Clinical manifestations of Thyroid Storm

A
  • severe tachycardia
  • HF
  • shock
  • hyperthermia
  • restlessness
  • agitation
  • seizures
  • abdominal pain
  • N/V/D
  • delirium
  • coma
18
Q

Thyroid Storm Tx

A
  • decrease circulating hormone levels with drug therapy
  • managing resp. distress
  • fever reduction
  • fluid replacement
  • elimination or management of the initiating stressor(s)
19
Q

Excess TSH Stimulation

A
  • secondary form of hyperthyroidism (rare)
  • caused by overproduction of TSH by the pituitary gland and usually stimulates the thyroid gland to produce excess of thyroid hormone
20
Q

Antithyroid Drugs

A
  • Pylithioruacil (PTU)

- Methimazole (Tapazole)

21
Q

Radioactive Iodine Therapy

A
  • damages or destroys thyroid tissue
  • outpatient tx, given orally
  • Radioactive iodine is low, no radiation precautions needed
  • dryness and irritation of mouth and throat during tx
  • high incident of post-tx hypothyroidism in 80 percent of cases
22
Q

Thyroidectomy (Subtotal)

A

-Subtotal: leaves about 10 percent of thyroid gland and the reminder of gland will produce adequate TH

23
Q

Thyroidectomy (Total)

A

Thyroid gland removal and patients will require lifelong hormone replacement

24
Q

Post op complications

A
  • hypothyroidism
  • hemorrhage
  • damage to parathyroid glands - hypocalcemia
  • injury laryngeal nerve - vocal cord paralysis
  • infection
  • resp distress
25
Q

Hyperthyroidism Physical Assessment

A
  • muscle strength, tremors
  • size of thyroid
  • eyes and vision
  • cardiovascular
  • VS
  • bruit over thyroid
  • integument
26
Q

Hyperthyroidism Planning

A
  • patient reports improvement
  • patient will describe situations requiring contact with the provider
  • patient explains how to take meds
27
Q

SMART

A 
S: specific
M: measurable
A: achievable
R: relevant
T: time-bound

MS2 Exam 3 (13 decks)

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