liver and infant nutrition

Question 1

which stage of growth is nutrition led

Answer 1

infant

Question 2

which stage of growth is growth hormone led

Answer 2

child

Question 3

which stage of growth is sex steroid led

Answer 3

pubertal

Question 4

what percentage of newborn should be fat

Answer 4

10-16%

Question 5

energy is needed for

Answer 5

• physical activity
• thermogenesis
• tissue maintenance
• growth

Question 6

how much of energy is used growth demands

Answer 6

~35% in infants

Question 7

why are children at malnourishment risk

Answer 7

• infants can rapidly become malnourished
• dependant on carer
• high demands for growth and maintenance
• low stores
• frequent illness

Question 8

average weight gain 10-3 months

Answer 8

200g

Question 9

avg weight gain 3-6 months

Answer 9

150g

Question 10

avg weight gain 6-9 months

Answer 10

100g

Question 11

avg weight gain 9-12 months

Answer 11

50-75g

Question 12

breast milk benefits

Answer 12

• suckling/ bonding
• perfect nutrition for 6 months
• tailor-made passive immunity
• improve development of infant active immunity
• improve development infant gut mucosa
• reduce infection
• antigen load minmal
• decrease risk of breast cancer

Question 13

downfalls of formula milk

Answer 13

• no anti-infection properties
• risk of contamination
• high antigen load
• expensive
• doesn’t need mum
• accurate feed volumes
• provides vitamin K
• less jaundice

Question 14

when can cows milk be introduced as a main drink and why not earlier

Answer 14

1 year

contains no iron

Question 15

soya milk indications

Answer 15

• milk allergy when hydrolysed formulae refused
• vegan families if not breast fed
• milk free diet

Question 16

when is rice milk not advised

Answer 16

<5 years

Question 17

when does weaning start

Answer 17

5-6 months

Question 18

what is weaning

Answer 18

transition from milk to mixed diet

Question 19

why wean

Answer 19

milk alone inadequate (nutrition/ omnivore/ encourage tongue and jaw movements in preparation for speech and social interaction)

Question 20

why is there poor vit D status amongst Scots

Answer 20

• cannot synthesise via D from September to April

- diet is a poor source

Question 21

main nutrition issues toddler and pre-school

Answer 21

• learning to self-feed and find food
• picky eaters/ excess milk
• dependant on carer
• frequent illness

Question 22

main nutrition issues school age

Answer 22

• learning to be independent
• chronic disease
• obesity

Question 23

main nutrition issues adolescents

Answer 23

• independant
• puberty
• eating disorders