infectious diseases part 1 Flashcards
define SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome)
- fever/ hypothermia
- tachycardia
- tachypnoea
- leucocytosis
define paediatric severe sepsis
sepsis + multi-organ failure >2 of the following
- resp failure
- haematological failure
- renal failure
- neuro failure
- liver failure
most common causes of sepsis in neonates (< 1 month)
- group B strep
- e coli
- listeria monocytogenes
most common causes of sepsis in children
- strep pneumonia
- meningococci
- group A strep
- staph aureus
clinical presentation:
- fever/ hypothermia
- cold hands/ feet
- prolonged cap refill (>2secs)
- chills/ rigors
- limb pain
- vomitting +/- diarrhoea
- muscle weakness
- muscle/ joint aches
- skin rash
- diminished urine output
paediatric sepsis
management of paediatric sepsis
ABC
DEFG
- antibiotics with broad-spectrum and good CSF presentation
- 3rd generation cephalasporins (+amoxicillin if neonate)
sepsis investigations
Blood
- FBC
- CRP
- coag factors
- U&Es
- LFTs
- blood gas
- glucose
- culture
CSF:
- cell count and culture
- protein and glucose
urine culture
skin biopsy culture
imaging (CT/ MRI head)
most common organism responsible for meningitis in neonates
- group B strep
- e.coli
- listeria monocytogenes
most common organism responsible for meningitis in children
- strep pneumonia
- meningococci
- haemophilus influenza
meningitis +/- sepsis in children
- nuchal rigidity
- headaches
- photophobia
- diminished consciousness
- focal neurological abnormalities
- seizures
presentation meningitis +/- sepsis in neonates
- lethargy
- irritability
- bulging fontanelle
- seizures
neonate presents with:
- lethargy
- irritability
- bulging fontanelle
- seizures
whatcha thinking?
meningitis +/- sepsis
how is strep pneumoniae transmitted
droplets
what conditions are typically caused by haemophilia influenza type B
- bacteraemia
- meningitis
- pneumonia
- epiglottitis
