Liver Flashcards
What are 3 causes of jaundice (icterus)
- Haemolysis
- Hepatocyte dysfunction
- Cholestasis (extra or intra-hepatic)
What 2 things can hypoalbuminaemia be caused by?
What can it contribute to?
- Chronic liver disease
- PLE
Ascites
What are 2 causes of acquired portosystemic shunt(s)?
- Cirrhosis
2. Portal hypertension
What causes hepatic encephalopathy?
What clinical sign would you see specific to cats?
Increased blood ammonia or defective formation of urea
Copper-coloured irises
Which is the most common hepatopathy?
What is it caused by?
Reactive hepatopathy
Underlying disease
What class of drug can cause chronic hepatitis?
Anti-epileptics (e.g. phenobarbital)
What dogs are predisposed to lobular dissecting hepatitis?
Young dogs
Standard poodle, Rottweiler, GSD
What liver disease are Terrier breeds predisposed to?
Hepatic portal hypoplasia (microvascular dysplasia)
What deficiency do cats have that is the reason for susceptibility to paracetamol?
What does it cause?
Relative deficiency of glucuronyl transferase
Causes methaemoglobinaemia
Hepatocellular damage and haemolytic anaemia
What is the treatment for Paracetamol toxicity in cats?
N-acetylcysteine
S-adenosyl methionine
Vitamin C
Supportive care
What are the two types of feline cholangitis?
What would you see in each?
What is the end stage?
Suppurative: Neutrophils and Pyrexia
Lymphocytic: Lymphocytes and plasma cells
End stage: Sclerosing
What dog breed is predisposed to lymphangectasia?
Yorkshire Terrier
What should you always do before taking a liver biopsy?
CHECK CLOTTING PROFILE
What is the recommended diet for chronic active inflammation?
Low copper, high zinc
Vitamin E (anti-oxidant)
Taurine (cats)
NO protein restriction
In which hepatic disease is protein restriction recommended?
Hepatic encephalopathy
