Liver

Question 1

Vessels into the liver

Answer 1

Hepatic artery

Hepatic portal vein (from digestive system)

Question 2

Vessels out of the liver

Answer 2

Hepatic vein

Bike duct

Question 3

Cells within the liver

Answer 3

Hepatocytes

Kupffer cells

Question 4

Liver structure

Answer 4

Lobes divided into lobules (which are cylindrical)

Question 5

Division of vessels within the liver

Answer 5

Hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein run parallel to the lobules
- Called Inter-lobular vessels
Blood is mixed in the sinusoid

Question 6

Which chamber is blood mixed in

Answer 6

Sinusoid

Question 7

Function of Kupfer cells

Answer 7

Breakdown and recycle old reed blood cells

Question 8

Which vessel does blood drain into after the sinusoid

Answer 8

Branch of hepatic vein

Question 9

How is bile produced

Answer 9

Bile is produced against the flow of blood in a different vessel (bile canaliculus)
Flows into the branch of the bile duct

Question 10

Function of the liver

Answer 10

Storage of glycogen

Detoxification

Question 11

Detoxification of alcohol

Answer 11

Ethanol - 2H+ -> Ethanal by reducing NAD (ethanol dehydrogenase)
Ethanal - 2H+ -> Ethanoic acid by reducing NAD (ethanal dehydrogenase)
Ethanoic acid + CoA -> Acetyl CoA

Question 12

Formation of urea

Answer 12

Amino acid -> Ammonia + keto acid (deamination)

Ammonia -> Urea (ornithine cycle)

Question 13

Deamination

Answer 13

Amino acid + 1/2O2 makes Keto acid + NH3

Question 14

Ornithine cycle

Answer 14

Ornithine + NH3 + CO2 -> Citrulline + H2O
Citrulline + NH3 -> Aginine + H2O
Aginine + H2O -> Urea + Ornithine