Lithosphere (yr1)

Question 1

Bioleaching

Answer 1

The process of extracting metals from ores or waste but using microorganisms to oxidise the metals, producing soluble compunds

Question 2

Biological sediments

Answer 2

Large numbers of living things die, pile up and are compresses and sedimented/cemented to form rock

Question 3

Cradle to cradle design

Answer 3

Biomimetic approach to the design of products and systems that models humans industry on natures processes.

Question 4

Cut off ore grade

Answer 4

Minimum grade required in order for mineral or metal to be economically mined.
Anything below this is waste

Question 5

Gravimetry - definition

Answer 5

Measurement of the strength of a gravitational field

Question 6

Hydrology

Answer 6

Study of movement, distribution, management of water on planet earth

Question 7

Hydrothermal Deposit

Answer 7

Accumulation of minerals in fractures and catches by minerals dissolved in water that percolated through the surface.
Less soluble minerals crystalise lower down

Question 8

Lasky’s principle

Answer 8

As the linear purity of a deposit decreases there is a logarithmic increase in the amount of material included

Question 9

Leachate

Answer 9

Water that has percolated through a solid and leached out some of the constituents

Question 10

Magnetometry

Answer 10

Measuring magnetic forces

Question 11

Metamorphic

Answer 11

Rock that has undergone transformation by heat, pressure or other natural agencies

Question 12

Non-renewable resource

Answer 12

• Finite

- Cannot be readily replaced by natural means to keep up with pace of consumption

Question 13

Ore

Answer 13

Naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable material can be extracted profitably

Question 14

Overburden

Answer 14

Rock or soil overlying a mineral deposit, archaeological site or other underground feature.

Question 15

Physical Sediment

Answer 15

broken down materials which settle

Question 16

Phytomining

Answer 16

The planting of vegetation that will selectively concentrate specific metal from the soil to their tissues to then be harvested. Then they are burned and separated by electrolysis

Question 17

Proterozoic marine sediment

Answer 17

2500 to 542 million years ago, sediment that settled in the sea

Question 18

Remote sensing

Answer 18

Acquisition of information about something without making physical contact with it.

• Satellites - GRACE
• Radars

Question 19

Reserve

Answer 19

Potential materials to be exploited

Question 20

Resistivity

Answer 20

Measure of how strongly a material resists electric current

Question 21

Resource

Answer 21

All materials available in an environment

Question 22

Seismic survey

Answer 22

Method of investigating subterranean structure