Lipoproteins

Question 1

Micelle

Answer 1

无核单分子

Question 2

Liposome

Answer 2

脂质双分子小球，水性核心

Question 3

Microemulsion

Answer 3

脂质单分子，油性核心

Question 4

lipoprotein 是哪种lipid complex

Answer 4

microemulsion

Question 5

lipid complex 有哪些

Answer 5

micelle, liposome(vesicle), microemulsion

Question 6

apolipoproteins

Answer 6

载脂蛋白，运输、稳定脂蛋白（lipoprotein）结构

Question 7

lipoproteins有哪些

Answer 7

chylomicrons(CM), VLDL(very low density lipoproteins), LDL, HDL(hig density lipoproteins)

Question 8

factors affecting lipoprotein size?

Answer 8

density (反比)

Question 9

composition of lipoprotein

Answer 9

apoprotein,phospholipid, cholesterol, triglycerides,

Question 10

chylomicrons composition(比例数字仅代表大致范围)

Answer 10

1% protein, 1% phospholipid, 20% cholesterol, 80% triglycerides

Question 11

chylomicrons has how many types of apolipoproteins

Answer 11

3, apoB, apoC, apoE

Question 12

triglyceride vs triacylglycerol

Answer 12

甘油（三元醇）+3个脂肪酸（超长碳链＋末端以一个羧基）

Question 13

VLDL composition

Answer 13

5-10% protein, 15-25% cholesterol, 50-65% triglycerol

Question 14

VLDL apoprolipoprotein

Answer 14

apoB, apoC, apoE

Question 15

what’s IDL

Answer 15

intermedia density lipoprotein

Question 16

LDL composition

Answer 16

记图，1% triglyceride, 60%cholesterol, 20% phospholipid, 15%protein

Question 17

LDL apolipoportein (ONLY!!!!)

Answer 17

only Apo B100

Question 18

LPL≠LDL

Answer 18

分清楚！LPL: lipoprotein lipase. LDL: low density lipoprotein

Question 19

what does LPL do?

Answer 19

LPL hydrolyzes triacylglycerols to forms free fatty acids that are taken up by muscle cells

Question 20

CETP

Answer 20

cholesterol ester transfer protein

Question 21

CEPT function

Answer 21

convert HDL to LDL/VLDL(good–>bad)

Question 22

which lipoprotein classes is NOT involved in reverse cholesterol transport

Answer 22

CM chylomicrons

Question 23

Friedewald equation(fasting only!!!):

Answer 23

LDL cholesterol=[LDL-C] = [TC] – [HDL-C] – [TGs]/5
Non-HDL cholesterol=[Non-HDL-C] = [TC] – [HDL-C]

Question 24

3 Lipid complex in aqueous solution

Answer 24

Liposome
Micelle
Microemulsion

Question 25

When measuring the concentration of apoAI in plasma, which is the main lipoprotein class that is represented by this measurement?

Answer 25

HDL

Question 26

assumptions of the Friedewald formula

Answer 26

A. Triglycerides/5 is an estimate of VLDL-C
B. Virtually all plasma triglyceride is carried on VLDL
C. Triglyceride:cholesterol ratio on VLDL is 5:1

Question 27

Lipoproteins are spherical microemulsion particles, true or false

Answer 27

true

Question 28

what do lipoproteins have in its structure?

Answer 28

Apolipoprotein
Cholesteryl Ester
Cholesterol
Triglyceride(not fatty acid)
Phospholipid

Question 29

Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) most closely resembles _______ in size and density:

Answer 29

LDL,

Question 30

in terms of apolipoprotein various, which one of the lipoprotein is the most special?

Answer 30

LDL, only has apolipoprotein B100

Question 31

2 Two broad classes of apolipoproteins

Answer 31

Exchangeable and Non-exchangeable(easy to remember)

Question 32

Non-exchangeable apolipoproteins

Answer 32

(a), B-100, B-48,

Question 33

charasterics of non-exchangeable apolipoproteins

Answer 33

Molecular masses: Huge
Soluble in water in lipid-free state: No (except (a))

Question 34

3 major clinical parameters typically measured for lipoproteins

Answer 34

1. Total cholesterol (TC)
2. HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (after precipitation of apoB containing lipoproteins with dextran)
3. Triglycerides (TGs)

Question 35

how many Risk assessment and treatment targets

Answer 35

high FRS>20%, moderate:10%~19% low: <10%

Question 36

LPL hydrolyzes triacylglycerols to form free fatty acids that are delivered to the liver, true or false?

Answer 36

False, LDL hydrolyzes triacylglycerols to form FFA, and the remnants goes to the liver.

Question 37

apolipoprotein A only exist on which type of lipoprotein

Answer 37

HDL