Lipogenesis / Chain-Elongation Flashcards

1
Q

What is Lipogenesis?

A

Creation of Long Chain Fatty Acids for Fat Storage

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2
Q

When does Lipogenesis occur?

A

Too much or excess CHO

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3
Q

What are the 4 steps of Lipogenesis?

A

1.) Condensation
2.) Reduction
3.) Dehydration
4.) Reduction

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4
Q

Excess CHO in the blood stream will end up where and create what?

A

CHO > Blood Stream > Liver

Liver uses insulin to make glucose into Glycogen

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5
Q

Where is Insulin secreted from for use in the liver?

A

Pancreas (Beta Cells)

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6
Q

Once glycogenisis has packed the liver full of glycogen storage, where will remaining glycogen go?

A

It will convert into Acetyl CoA for use in Lipogenesis

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7
Q

What molecule is the foundation for FA Elongation?

A

Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) + ACP

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8
Q

What is the base step #1 of Elongation?

A

FAS + ACP + Acetyl CoA

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9
Q

What is base step #2 of Elongation?

A

MCA is added to the base elongation step of FAS + ACP + Acetyl CoA

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10
Q

What step 1 of Lipogenesis (condensation)?

A

MCA + Acetyl CoA convert into KetoAcel ACP

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11
Q

What is the enzyme that converts MCA + Acetyl CoA into KetoAcel ACP?

A

KetoAcel ACP Synthase

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12
Q

What is Step 2 of Lipogenesis (Reduction)?

A

KetoAcel ACP is converted into HydroxyAcel ACP

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13
Q

What is the enzyme that converts KetoAcel ACP into HydroxyAcel ACP?

A

KetoAcel ACP Reductase

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14
Q

What are the byproducts of step 2 of Lipogenesis?

A

NADH > NAD

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15
Q

What is step 3 of Lipogenesis (Dehydration)?

A

HydroxyAcel ACP is converted into Trans-Enoyl ACP

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16
Q

What is the enzyme that converts HydroxyAcel ACP into Trans-Enoyl ACP?

A

HydroxyAcel ACP Dehydrogenase

17
Q

What is step 4 of Lipogenesis (Reduction)?

A

Trans-Enoyl ACP is converted into Acyl-ACP

18
Q

What is the enzyme that converts Trans-Enoyl ACP into Acyl-ACP?

A

Trans-Enoyl Reductase

19
Q

What are the byproducts of step 4 of Lipogenesis?

A

NADH > NAD

20
Q

What is an input for step 3 of Lipogenesis?

A

H20

21
Q

Once Acyl-ACP is yielded what happens?

A

MCA is added to repeat the process 7 more times

22
Q

After 7 rounds of Elongation what is Acyl-ACP converted into?

A

Palmitoyl CoA

23
Q

Palmitoyl CoA coverts into a final product of what?

A

Palmitate

24
Q

What enzyme converts Palmitoyl CoA into Palmitate?

A

Thioesterase

25
Q

What total yield is inputed to repeat the elongation step 7 times?

A

7 ATP
14 NADH
8 Acetyl CoA

26
Q

What is considered the commitment step of Chain-Elongation

A

Insulin Secretion (anabolic > growth of fat storage)

27
Q

Insulin is responsible for what 3 formation processes from the liver.

A

Lipogenesis
Cholesterol Synthesis
Glucogenesis