Lipids-Triglycerides And Phospolipids Flashcards
What elements do all lipids contain?
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen (hydrocarbons).
What are the uses of lipids?
-Used for insulation: for animals in cold enviroments.
-Used as an energy store.
-Used for protection.
-Cell membrane.
-Make up hormones (oestrogen and testosterone).
Why are lipids good for insulation?
-Lipids are immpermable to water so they do not conduct heat and do not let heat out.
Why are lipids a good energy store?
-Does not react with anything.
-Can release ATP during respiration.
Why are lipids used for protection?
They are a physical barrier for water and can stop anything from shocking internal organs.
What are trigylcerides made of?
-One molocule of glycerol.
-3 fatty acid molocules.
What do fatty acids have which are specific to their structure?
-A fatty acid tail made of hydrocarbons and can vary.
-Also hydrophobic so makes lipids insoluable.
What bonds do lipids from?
Ester bonds between the fatty acid molecule and the glycerol molecule.
What does a saturated fatty acid contain?
No double bonds- makes a straight chained fatty acid tail.
What does an unsaturated fatty acid contain?
Have at least one double bond between carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain (on fatty acid tail).
What does a double bond in an unsaturated fatty acid cause?
-Causes the straight chain to kink because the ‘free’ bond.
What are the properties of triglyerides?
-Mainly used as a storage molocule.
-Has a fatty acid haydrocarbon tail.
-Has twice the amount of energy as carbs.
-Insoluable in water
Why do triglyerides bundle together?
Fatty acids are hydrophobic so they face inward shielding from water with their glycerol heads on the outside.
What group does a phospholipid contain?
A phosphate group.
How many fatty acids does a phospholipid contain?
Only 2 (carbons are all not joined to the tail).
