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Biology: Biological Molocules > Carbohydrates- monosccarides and diosaccarides > Flashcards

Carbohydrates- monosccarides and diosaccarides Flashcards

1
Q

What is the ratio for the compounds which contain hydrogen oxygen and carbon?

A

The number of H to O atoms is 2:1.

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2
Q

What is a monoccacaride?

A

one sugar

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3
Q

What is an example of a monoccacaride?

A

-Glucose
-Fructose

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4
Q

What is a diaccaharide?

A

Two sugars.

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5
Q

What is an example of a diasccacaride?

A

-Maltose
-Sucrose
-Lactose

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6
Q

What is condensation reaction?

A

Synthesising a substance by removing a water molocule.

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7
Q

What is a hydrolysis reaction?

A

Breaking down a substance by adding a water molocule.
-Can use enzymes to catalyse the reaction.

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8
Q

What is a monomer?

A

An smaller/repeating unit from which polymers are made

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9
Q

What happens to longer chains of monoscaccarides?
Where does the ring join?

A

-Form a ring structure which is more stable than a chain structure-has a double bond which is harder to break
-Carbon 1 and carbon 5

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10
Q

What is a hydroxyl group?

A

An oxygen and carbon (OH)

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10
Q

Is beta glucose above or below the hydroxyl group?

A

Above carbon 1

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11
Q

Is alpha glucose above or below the hydroxyl group?

A

Below carbon 1

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12
Q

What is the name for alpha and beta glucose?

A

Isomers

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13
Q

What reaction creates a diaccacaride?

A

A condensation reaction.

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14
Q

What is a glycosidic bond?

A

The oxygen is taken of carbon 1 and 4 and creates a ‘bridge’ of an oxygen atom between the two monomers.

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15
Q

What bond does a disaccaride form?

A

A glycosidic bond.

16
Q

What is the reaction between alpha glucose and fructose and what enzyme is used?

A

-Sucrose and water
-Sucrase

17
Q

What is the reaction between alpha glucose and galactose and what enzyme is used?

A

-Lactose and water.
-Lactase

18
Q

What is the reaction between alpha glucose and alpha glucose and what enzyme is used?

A

-Maltose and water.
-Maltase

19
Q

How many bonds can carbon form?

A

4 bonds.

20
Q

How is a glycosidic bond formed?

A

When the oxygen is taken of carbon 1 and carbon 4 to join two monomers in a condensation reaction.

Biology: Biological Molocules (11 decks)

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