ATP And Energy Flashcards
What three processes require energy?
-Synthesis
-Transport
-Movement
What is energy needed for?
-Movement
-Metabolism
-Active transport
-Matenience
-Repair and division of cells
-Maintaining body temperature.
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine Triphosphate
What is ATP made up of?
Nucleotides; containing adenine (a base), ribose (pentose sugar) and 3 phosphate groups.
How is energy released from ATP?
-An ATP molecule has unstable bonds so it goes through hydrolysis to break the bonds.
-can be done 3 times for each ATP molecule.
Why is ATP a good way to measure energy?
Is a universal energy currency.
What energy does ATP release?
Chemical energy
What is the reaction to form energy from ATP?
ATP + H2O —–> ADP (adenosine diphosphate) + P (inorganic phosphate ion) + energy
What enzyme is the ATP reaction catalysed by?
ATPase
What processes can reverse the ATP reaction?
-Photophosphorylation
-ATP synthase
Why is ATP better than glucose for energy?
-ATP is converted into ADP which releases small manageable bursts where as glucose produces a lot of energy at once and a lot is wasted.
-ATP only takes ones reaction to from energy, glucose takes many.
-ATP is a smaller molecule so it is easier to move around.
-ATP synthesis can happen in aqueous environments.
-easy to repeat and make more energy.
-Instant source of energy in a cell.
What is a disadvantage of using an ATP reaction to form energy?
ATP is a relatively unstable molecule so it cannot be easily stored.
How is ATP released in cellar respiration?
Fats and carbohydrates are broken down to produce ATP.
How is energy stored in the body?
As fats and carbohydrates.
