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Cardio > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three sources of TAGs?

A
  1. ) Intestinal
  2. ) De Novo in the liver
  3. ) De Novo in adipocytes
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2
Q

What enzyme breaks down chylomicrons and VLDL into FFA’s?

A

Capillary lipoprotein lipase

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3
Q

What two enzymes break down TAGs in adipocytes?

A
  1. ) Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL)

2. ) Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)

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4
Q

What apolipoproteins are on chylomicrons?

A
  1. ) ApoB-48
  2. ) ApoC-II
  3. ) ApoE
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5
Q

What is the function of ApoB-48?

A

Transport of chylomicrons in blood

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6
Q

What is the function of ApoC-II?

A

Activates capillary lipoprotein lipase

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7
Q

What is the function of ApoE?

A

Uptake into the liver

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8
Q

What apolipoproteins are on VLDL?

A
  1. ) ApoB-100
  2. ) ApoC-II
  3. ) ApoE
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9
Q

What is the function of ApoB-100?

A

It binds to LDL receptors, allows uptake into cells

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10
Q

What apolipoproteins are on IDL?

A
  1. ) ApoB-100

2. ) ApoE

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11
Q

What apolipoproteins are on LDL?

A

1.) ApoB-100

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12
Q

What apolipoproteins are on HDL?

A
  1. ) ApoA-1
  2. ) ApoC-II
  3. ) ApoE
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13
Q

What is the other name for Type I Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

Hyperchylomicronemia

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14
Q

What is the cause of Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

Inability to hydrolyze TAGs in chylomicrons and VLDL

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15
Q

What enzyme deficiency causes Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

Deficiency in capillary lipoprotein lipase

or

ApoC-II

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16
Q

What is the cause of Hyperlipoproteinemia in infancy?

A

LPL deficiency

17
Q

What is the cause of Hyperlipoproteinemia in post adolescence?

A

ApoC-II deficiency

18
Q

What is the function of ApoC-II?

A

Activation of capillary lipoprotein lipase

19
Q

What plasma levels are associated with Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

> 1000 mg/dl

20
Q

What clinical symptoms are associated with Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

Xanthomas, pancreatitis, abdominal pain

21
Q

What is the treatment for Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

Low fat diet

22
Q

What is the other name for Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

Familial hypercholesterolemia

23
Q

What is the defect in Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

Uptake of LDL via LDL receptor

24
Q

What does Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia cause?

A

Atherosclerosis

25
Q

Why does Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia occur?

A

The LDL receptor cannot recognize ApoB-100

26
Q

What is the normal range of cholesterol?

A

130-200 mg/dl

27
Q

What is the cholesterol range in someone with heterozygous Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

300-500 mg/dl

28
Q

What is the cholesterol range in someone with homozygous Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

> 800 mg/dl

29
Q

What will someone with homozygous Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia probably experience in their teenage years?

A

CAD

30
Q

What are the symptoms of Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

Xanthomas, corneal deposits in eyes, angina pectoralis

31
Q

What is the treatment for heterozygous Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

statins, diet, bile acid binding resins

32
Q

What is the treatment for homozygous Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

LDL apheresis and liver transplant

Cardio (11 decks)

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