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Cardio > Hemostasis > Flashcards

Hemostasis Flashcards

1
Q

What is thrombopoiesis?

A

Formation of platelets

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2
Q

What hormone is responsible for thrombopoiesis?

A

TPO

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3
Q

What two organs produce TPO?

A
  1. ) Liver - main source

2. ) Kidney

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4
Q

What triggers release of TPO?

A

It is constantly released

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5
Q

What controls the concentration of TPO in the blood?

A

Internalization and destruction of TPO by circulating platelets

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6
Q

What is the TPO receptor on platelets?

A

MPL

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7
Q

What is the effect of TPO?

A

increased division and maturation of all cell lineages

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8
Q

What is the first step of hemostasis?

A

Vascular spasm

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9
Q

What causes the vascular spasm in hemostasis?

A

It is a direct response to injury by the local muscle.

Serotonin and thromboxane A2 also help.

No neurons or reflexes are necessary or sufficient, but can help the spasm.

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10
Q

Can neural input contribute to the spasm?

A

Yes, but they are neither necessary or sufficient for the spasm to occur

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11
Q

What is step 2 of hemostasis?

A

Formation of a platelet plug

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12
Q

What is thrombocytopenia? What is the first sign?

A

Too few platelets. Nose bleeds

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13
Q

What are the steps in the formation of a platelet plug?

A
  1. ) Von Willebrand Factor links the platelet receptor to the exposed collagen.
  2. ) Platelet receptor then binds to the collagen.
  3. ) The platelet swells and then extends podocytes
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14
Q

What are the 4 steps of the formation of a platelet plug?

A
  1. ) Platelet swells
  2. ) Contraction
  3. ) Granules leave the platelet
  4. ) platelets stick to vessel wall and to each other (thromboxane A2 and ADP)
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15
Q

What is step three of hemostasis?

A

Coagulation

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16
Q

What is clot retraction?

A

Getting rid of excess fluid from within the clot to solidify the clot

17
Q

What are required for clot retraction? Why?

A

Platelets - they bind fibrin together and trigger actin and myosin to contract and squeeze out fluid

18
Q

What is step four of hemostasis?

A

Repair of damage

19
Q

What do platelets secrete in order to stimulate repair? What is its function?

A

Platelet derived growth factor. It stimulates fibroblasts to grow into the area and differentiate into smooth muscle, etc.

20
Q

What are some ways to prevent a clot?

A

Smooth blood vessel surface

Glycocalyx repels platelets

Thrombomodulin

Cardio (11 decks)

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