Lipids - 5.3 Flashcards
Polarity….which means?
Non polar, mostly hydrocarbons, hydrophobic
Types of lipids
Fats and oils, steroids, phospholipids
Functions
Energy storage and structural component of membranes
Fatty acids
Monocarboxylic acids
Insoluble in water bc HC chain
Saturated fatty acids
Each C covalently bonded w 4 atoms
Semisolid at room temp
Fats
Unsaturated fatty acids
CdblC bonds
Liquid at room temp
Oils
Cis or trans
Glycerides
What?
Linked by…?
Glycerol + fatty acid
Dehydration rxn - ester linkages between glycerol and fatty acid
Triglycerides
What?
Interactions between side chains
Glycerol + 3 fatty acids
Van der Waals interactions
Energy storage
Kink in unsaturated fatty acid chain….
Disruption of vanderwaals interactions
Hydrogenated oils
Convert unsaturated to saturated fatty acids
Rearrange dbl bonds and end up with transfats
Transfats
Increase risk of cardiovascular disease
Increase LDL/HDL ratio
LDL
Low density lipoproteins, deliver lipids to cells (FROM liver)
HDL
High density lipoproteins, remove excess lipids (TO liver)
Atherosclerosis
Obstructs arteries, result in heart attack or stroke
Steroids vary by
Position CdblC bonds
Substituents ie: hydroxyl, carbonyl, methyl
Side chains
