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Biology > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are lipids made up of?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
-H:O=2:1

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2
Q

What are the properties of lipids?

A
  1. Insoluble in water
  2. Soluble in organic solvents, e.g. ethanol
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3
Q

What is the most common type of lipids?

A

Triglycerides

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4
Q

How is triclyceride formed?

A

One glycerol+three fatty acid by condensation

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5
Q

How can a triglyceride be broken down?

A

By hydrolysis

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6
Q

What are triglyceride in solid state called?

A

Fats
-Mainly from animals

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7
Q

What are triglyceride in liquid state called?

A

Oils
-Mainly from plants

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8
Q

What are food rich in fats and oils?

A

Fatty meat, seeds, nuts, milk, dairy products

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9
Q

What are the three main functions of lipids?

A
  1. As energy reserves
  2. As a shock absorber
  3. As a heat insulator
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10
Q

Where are lipids stored in?

A

Adipose tissues

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11
Q

Where can adipose tissue be found?

A

Under skin as subcutaneous fat or around internal organs

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12
Q

What much energy can one gram of lipids provide?

A

38.9 kJ

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13
Q

How does lipids act as a shock abosorber?

A

Fat stored in adipose tissues around internal organ act as a shock absorber to protect the internal organs

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14
Q

What is the use of subcutaneous fat in our body?

A

Act as a heat insulator to prevent heat lost if the body.

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15
Q

What can lipids help absorb, transport and store?

A

Lipid-soluble vitamins
-e.g. vitamins A and D

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16
Q

What can lipids produce?

A

Hormones
-e.g. Sex. growth hormones

17
Q

What is a major component of cell membranes made of lipids?

A

Phospholipids

18
Q

What is the test for lipids called?

A

Grease spot test

19
Q

What is the positive result of the grease spot test?

A

A translucent spot will appear on the dried filter paper

20
Q

What are the procedures of the test?

A
  1. Let a drop of food sample on a filer paper dry
  2. A translucent spot will remain if lipids is present
  3. Immerse the filer paper into organic solvent
  4. Take put the filter paper and the spot will disappear

Biology (7 decks)

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