Lipids

Question 1

serve as insulating materials against atmospheric heat and cold and protect internal organs.

Answer 1

subcutaneous lipids

Question 2

act as electrical insulators, allowing rapid propagation of depolarization waves along myelinated nerves.

Answer 2

Nonpolar lipids

Question 3

responsible for membrane integrity and regulation of membrane permeability.

Answer 3

Lipids in biomembranes

Question 4

actively participate in electron transport chain.

Answer 4

Lipids present in inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 5

important cellular constituents, occurring both in the cell membrane and in the mitochondria, and serving also as the means of transporting lipids in the blood.

Answer 5

Combinations of lipid and protein (lipoproteins)

Question 6

Carbohydrate vs. Lipid

Short-term energy storage

Answer 6

Carbohydrate (glycogen)

Question 7

Carbohydrate vs. Lipid

Long-term energy storage

Answer 7

Lipid (triglyceride)

Question 8

Carbohydrate vs. Lipid

More effect on osmotic pressure

Answer 8

Carbohydrate (glycogen)

Question 9

Carbohydrate vs. Lipid

Less effect on osmotic pressure

Answer 9

Lipid (triglyceride)

Question 10

Carbohydrate vs. Lipid

More readily digested - used for aerobic or anaerobic respiration

Answer 10

Carbohydrate (glycogen)

Question 11

Carbohydrate vs. Lipid

Less easily digested - can only be used for aerobic respiration

Answer 11

Lipid

Question 12

Carbohydrate vs. Lipid

Stores half as much ATP per gram (~1760kJ per 100g)

Answer 12

Carbohydrate

Question 13

Carbohydrate vs. Lipid

Stores twice as much ATP per gram (~4000kJ per 100g)

Answer 13

Lipid

Question 14

Carbohydrate vs. Lipid

Water soluble as monomers/dimers - easier to transport

Answer 14

Carbohydrate

Question 15

Carbohydrate vs. Lipid

Not water soluble (hydrophobic) - more difficult to transport

Answer 15

Lipid

Question 16

Lipids serve as metabolic regulators of

Answer 16

steroid hormones and prostaglandins.

Question 17

essential fatty acids

Answer 17

Linoleic, Linolenic and Arachidonic acid

Question 18

Fat soluble vitamins:

Vision, reproduction, bore health, immune system, skin

Answer 18

A

Question 19

Fat soluble vitamins:

Strengthens bones, calcium absorption, immune system

Answer 19

D

Question 20

Fat soluble vitamins:

Immune system, flushes toxins

Answer 20

E

Question 21

Fat soluble vitamins:

Blood clotting, bone health

Answer 21

K

Question 22

FIVE CATEGORIES OF LIPIDS BASED ON CHEMICAL FUNCTION

Answer 22

1. ENERGY STORAGE
2. MEMBRANE LIPIDS
3. EMULSIFICATION LIPIDS
4. MESSENGER LIPIDS
5. PROTECTIVE- COATING LIPIDS

Question 23

FIVE CATEGORIES OF LIPIDS BASED ON CHEMICAL FUNCTION

Energy storage

Answer 23

Triacyglycerol

Question 24

FIVE CATEGORIES OF LIPIDS BASED ON CHEMICAL FUNCTION

Membrane lipids

Answer 24

phospholipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol

Question 25

FIVE CATEGORIES OF LIPIDS BASED ON CHEMICAL FUNCTION Emulsification lipids

Answer 25

Bile acids

Question 26

FIVE CATEGORIES OF LIPIDS BASED ON CHEMICAL FUNCTION Messenger lipids

Answer 26

steroid hormones and eicosanoids

Question 27

FIVE CATEGORIES OF LIPIDS BASED ON CHEMICAL FUNCTION Protective coating lipids

Answer 27

biological waxes

Question 28

SAPONIFIABLE

Answer 28

TAG, phospholipids, sphingoglycolipids, biological waxes

Question 29

NONSAPONIFIABLE

Answer 29

cholesterol, steroid hormones, bile acids, eicosanoids

Question 30

building blocks of lipids

Answer 30

Fatty acids

Question 31

are naturally occurring monocarboxylic acid.

Answer 31

Fatty acids

Question 32

FATTY ACIDS BASED ON CARBON CHAIN LENGTH long-chain fatty acids

Answer 32

C12 to C26

Question 33

FATTY ACIDS BASED ON CARBON CHAIN LENGTH medium-chain fatty acids

Answer 33

C8 and C10

Question 34

FATTY ACIDS BASED ON CARBON CHAIN LENGTH short-chain fatty acids

Answer 34

C4 and C6

Question 35

is a fatty acid with a carbon chain in which all carbon–carbon bonds are single bonds.

Answer 35

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS

Question 36

Aka BAD FAT, dietary effect is an increase in heart disease risk.

Answer 36

SATURATED FATTY ACIDS

Question 37

is a fatty acid with a carbon chain in which one carbon–carbon double bond is present.

Answer 37

MONOUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

Question 38

Aka GOOD FAT, Dietary effect is a decrease in heart disease risk.

Answer 38

MONOUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

Question 39

fatty acid with a carbon chain in which two or more carbon–carbon double bonds are present.

Answer 39

POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

Question 40

Dietary effect is “mixed”

Answer 40

POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

Question 41

As GOOD FAT- decrease heart disease risk As BAD FAT – increase cancer risk

Answer 41

POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS

Question 42

ontain in naturally occurring fatty acids associated with good fat.

Answer 42

-cis

Question 43

groups in the double bond is located in the same position causing the FA to stay bend

Answer 43

-cis

Question 44

Hydrogenation converts some cis to trans double bonds. (opposite position)

Answer 44

-trans

Question 45

have effects on blood chemistry similar to those of saturated fatty acids.(BAD FAT)

Answer 45

-trans

Question 46

First double bond is three carbons away from the -CH3 end of the carbon chain

Answer 46

Omega -3

Question 47

is the primary member of this family & a precursor for EPA & DHA.

Answer 47

Omega -3 LINOLENIC ACID (18:3)

Question 48

First double bond is six carbons away from the CH3 end of the carbon chain.

Answer 48

Omega-6

Question 49

is the primary member of this family & a precursor for arachidonic acid

Answer 49

LINOLEIC ACID (18:2)

Question 50

At LINOLEIC ACID (18:2)