Lipids Flashcards

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1
Q

What are eicosanoids?

A

They area class of molecules derived from 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids

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2
Q

What are the major classes of fatty acids & lipids?

A
  1. Waxes
  2. Triacylglycerols
  3. Glycerophospholipids
  4. Sphingolipids
  5. Steroids
  6. Eicosanoids
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3
Q

What are membrane lipids ?

A

They are found all cellular organisms and are essential components of cell memebranes

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4
Q

What are the major kinds of cell membrane lipids ?

A
  1. Phospholipids
  2. Glycolipids
  3. Cholesterol
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5
Q

What are phospholipids and what is their structure ?

A

They are a class of lipids and they are built up from alcohols, fatty acids and phosphate ester groups

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6
Q

What are glycolipids and what is their structure ?

A

They are a class of lipids and they are made of an alcohol, a fatty acid and a small group of sugar (no phosphate)

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7
Q

what is cholesterol ?

A

It is part of a class of lipids (steroids) and the only sterol found associated with long fatty acids in mammals.
And is made of a hydrocarbon tail, a central sterol nucleus made of 4 hydrocarbon rings and a hydroxyl group.

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8
Q

What is the nature of a cell membrane ?

A

It is made up of a bilayer of phospholipids describes as a fluid mosaic model

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9
Q

What is the solubility of lipids ? (LIPID PROPERTIES)

A
  • Low in water
  • High in non aqueous solvents
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10
Q

What are the biological functions of lipids? (LIPID PROPERTIES0

A
  • Fuel molecules
  • Specific metabolites (e.g. hormones)
  • Structural roles ~ membranes
  • Protection & insulation
  • Lipid rich myelin sheath around nerves
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11
Q

What is the classification of lipids ?
(LIPID PROPERTIES )

A
  • Simple lipids
  • Triacylglycerols
  • Sohingomyelins
  • Glycolipids
  • Phospholipids
  • Steroids & eicosanoids
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12
Q

What re fatty acids ?

A

They are basic units of lipid molecules and they determine lipid properties

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12
Q

What re fatty acids ?

A

They are basic units of lipid molecules and they determine lipid properties

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13
Q

What are waxes (example of simple lipids) ?

A
  • There are esters with an alcohol and a long chain carboxylic acid and
  • They are totally insoluble in water
  • A mixture of Peters of fatty acids with long chain alcohols
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14
Q

What are triacyglycerols + characteristics ?

A
  • Uncharged, non- polar molecules that are hydrophobic
  • When stored in a fatty tissue they coalesce (come together to form one mass) and interior of an adipocyte is occupied by one large fat droplet with the nuclei pushed to one side
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