Limits to prosperity in 1920's America Flashcards
Where was the wealth of the 1920s concentrated?
Industrial North and Far West
What % of families lived on less than $2,000 a year?
60%
What were the causes of drop in demand for agricultural goods?
Prohibition there was less need for grains to make alcohol,
end of WW1 brought a drop in need for goods
Increase use of synthetic fibres instead of cotton
What were the consequences of drop in demand?
Overproduction: Farmers continued to produce the same amount, which led to huge wastage and drop in prices - so farmers made huge income losses
How did wheat prices fall?
From $2.5 to $1 per bushel
How did farms get more efficient and why did this cause problems?
Mechanisation: More crops could be produced on fewer acres, 13 million acres were taken out of production during the 1920s meaning many people lost jobs as there was less need for sharecroppers and other farmers.
Less need for animals like horses, so less need for animal food to be grown.
What % of farmers operated at a loss?
66%
What was the Agricultural Credits Act 1923? What did it aim to do?
Small scale farmers were going bankrupt.
The Act funded 12 Credit banks to fund cooperatives - with the idea that small farms would join together.
However, this was a loan - which small scale farmers could not pay back - so big farms benefitted instead.
What rate of farms were foreclosed by 1926?
17.4 farms per 1,000
What were agricultural businesses?
Mass production/ harvesting of one big crop to make a profit.
Big farms or enterprises would be well financed and produce cereals and fruit on large scale.
How many women were in high paid skilled careers in the 1920s?
150 dentists
Less than 100 accountants
Less than 2% of judges or lawyers
What were the limits to female political participation?
1920 women got the vote, but generally voted in line with their husbands
145 women in state legislatures
Only 2 women out of 435 in House of Representatives
What sort of jobs did the majority of women have?
Low-paid menial jobs, 700,000 domestic servants
What happened to women’s education?
Those receiving college education fell by 5%
What was the reality of women’s liberation during the 1920s?
Although flappers were seen as fun loving and liberal women, they enforced the stereotype that women could not be taken seriously in career or politics.
Many women were expected to give up work when they got married and look after their home and family.