Limitations Flashcards by Dale B

What operations is aircraft certified for?

Day and Night VFR
IFR
Icing Conditions (note - severe icing may result from environmental conditions outside of those for which the airplane was certificated)
Unpaved Runway Operations

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Maximum number of passenger seats

Refer to Weight and Balance manual

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Minimum Flight Crew

Captain and First Officer

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Minimum Cabin Crew

Two for passenger carrying operations

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Maximum Weights
Ramp Weight (almost evil)
Brakes Release Wt /Take Off Wt (on the floor)
Landing Weight (easy as 123 - 1t)
Zero Fuel Weight (26yo with a 308)

RW : 29,665kg
BRW / TOW : 29,574kg
LDW : 28,123kg
ZFW : 26,308

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MAC certified limits are?
up to 24,020kg
up to 27,987kg
up to 28,998kg
up to 29,257kg
up to 29,574kg

13.8% - 36%
16.6% - 36%
17.3% - 36%
17.4% - 36%
17.7% - 36%

(safe bet is 17.3 - 36%)

Note - If CoG limits are met with LDG gear down, safe limits of flight are automatically achieved

Note - The maximum aft limit is 20%MAC for operations with one inoperative stall warning and / or stick pusher system.

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Vmcg
Flaps 15, 10, 5, 0

89, 89, 89, 101 KCAS

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Vmca
Flaps 15, 10, 5, 0

91, 95, 98, 113 KCAS

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Vmcl
Flaps 35, 15, 10, 5,

92, 96, 99, 100 KCAS

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Vmo
8, 10, 18, 20, 25,000*

245, 282, 286, 275, 248 KIAS

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Vfe
5, 10, 15, 35

200, 181, 172, 158 KIAS

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Vlo, Vle, Alternate

200, 215, 185 KIAS

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Vb - Turbulence penetration

Vmax tire

210 KIAS

182 knots ground speed

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204 KIAS

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Vaquaplaning - T/O
Vaquaplaning - LDG

107 kts G/S
92 kts G/S

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Manoueuvering Limit Load Factors
Flaps Retracted
Flaps Extended

+2.5 / -1.0g
+2.0 / 0.0g

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Max Crosswind - T/O, LDG, CAT II Landing Coupled
Dry / Wet
WED 3mm <0.125in contaminated
WED 3mm >0.125in contaminated
Compacted Snow
Wet ice, poor braking action

32kt Dry and wet for T/O and LDG
18kt Dry and Wet for CAT II Landing coupled

14kt for both WED 3mm for T/O, LDG and Coupled

20kt T/O and LDG for Compacted Snow
18kt Compacted Snow for Coupled

0kt for all on Wet Ice with poor braking action

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Maximum Tailwind - T/O, LDG, CAT II, Steep Approach
Dry / Wet
Contaminated
Ice and Wet Ice Braking action poor

T/O Flap 5, 10, 15 on wet / dry / contaminated = 10kt
LDG Flap 10, 15, 35, CAT II on wet / dry / contaminated = 10kt
T/O & LDG, CAT II and Steep approach on Ice and wet ice braking action poor = 0kt
Steep APPR Landing (Flap 35) - Dry / Wet / Contaminated - 5kt

(Note - limits may be increased when AFM supplement 3 is applicable)

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Maximum headwind for CAT II coupled landing

CAT II coupled - 24kt

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Minimum and Maximum temperatures

MAX - +50c or ISA + 35c
MIN - -54*c

(Note cold weather procedures apply after 3hrs in -15*c or lower on ground)

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Take off power setting limitation (wind)

Setting take-off power prior to brake release, with nose of the airplane more than 45* out of wind, is prohibited for wind speeds greater than 8kt (measured at a 10m height)

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Maximum operating altitude &

for T/O and LDG

FL 250

10,000’

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Maximum slope for T/O and LDG

+/-2%

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Maximum glide slope angle for CAT II approaches

< 3.25*

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Eye / ILS to Wheel path distances.

3* Flap 10 4.662 / 4.446m Flap 15 4.339 / 3.927m Flap 35 3.928 / 3.273m 4.5* Flap 35 3.934 / 3.278m

Limitations for operations on contaminated runways

Take off with reduced power is prohibited Operations from runways contaminated with water, slush or loose snow: - Max altitude for T/O & LDG is 6000' - Max permitted WED of contaminant is 15mm - Max depth of contaminant is 6cm - For WED greater than 3mm, selection of power lever to DISC is prohibited - Max crosswind component for T/O & LDG is 14kt Operation from runways contaminated with compacted snow - Max crosswind for T/O & LDG is 20kt

Airframe Contamination

See FOM for procedures on de-icing and anit-icing

Baggage Compartment Classifications

Class C with the following restrictions - A separate approved smoke detector or fire detector system to give warning to pilot station - An approved built in fire extinguishing system controllable from the pilot station - Any means to exclude hazardous quantities of smoke, flames or extinguishing agent, from any compartment occupied by the crew or passengers - Any means to control ventilation and draughts within the compartment so that the extinguishing agent used can control the fire that may start within the compartment.

Baggage compartment fire extinguishing time limitation

Unless the forward and aft baggage compartments are empty, the airplane must not be operated further than 1 hr flying time from a suitable airport for landing.

Cargo Compartment fire extinguising time limitation

Unless the cargo compartment is empty, the airplane must not be operated further than 1 hr flying time from a suitable airport for landing.

Minimum turning radius

26m

Nose wheel steering angle required for minimum turning radius

70*

Line up losses

See table in limitations

Static Eye to Ground and ILS to ground distances

Eye - 3.029m ILS - 1.864m

Minimum Runway width

30m

ACN classification with 34" tires - Values at MTOW (Rigid pavement subgrade)

High - 17.6 Medium - 18 Low - 19.1 Ultra Low - 19.9 Recommendation to use 20 for planning purposes

ACN classification with 34" tires - Values at MTOW (Flexible pavement subgrade)

High - 15.2 Medium - 16.0 Low - 18.3 Ultra Low - 20.2 Recommendation to use 20 for planning purposes

LCN values with 34" tires

Rigid - LCN 39 Flexible - LCN 43

Approved Approach flap settings

5, 10, 15 degrees

Approved Landing flap settings

10, 15, 35 degrees

Approved cruise flap setting

0 degrees

Operating with gear extended and doors closed

Subject to local airworthiness authorities

Operating limitations for non - normal ops

See Limitations sections

Max difference between L & R ASI at approach and cruise speeds.

2kts

Max difference between ASI and STBY ASI at approach and cruise speeds

10kts

When altitude mismatch appears on PFD apply corrections to the Integrated Standby Instrument

See table in limitations chapter

Min and Max temp for operation of engine

Min - -54*c Max - +50*c or ISA +35*c (whichever is lower)

Max temp for operation with engine intake bypass doors open

ISA + 25*c

Maximum Airstart altitude

20,000'

Roughly how much torque will Automatic Take off Power Uptrim provide?

10% torque (nominal)

Max taxi speeds straight and turning - Normal Taxiway - Narrow (15-18m) Taxiway

25kt straight 15kt turning 15kt straight 10kt turning

Maximum Torque Settings

MTOP - 106% NTOP - 90.3% (indication of 90% or 91%) MCP - 100% Transient - 135% Reverse - 35%

Maximum ITT settings (*C)

MTOP - 880 NTOP - 822 MCP - 880 Transient - 920 Starting - 920 Reverse - 880

Maximum NL% RPM across power ranges

MTOP - 100 NTOP - 95.3 MCP - 100 Transient - 102.3 Reverse - 100

Maximum NH% RPM

MTOP - 100% NTOP - 97.6% MCP - 100% Transient - 101.2% Reverse - 100%

Maximum NP RPM

MTOP - 1020 NTOP - 1020 MCP - 1020 Transient - 1173 Reverse - 1020

Oil Pressure PSID

MTOP - 61 - 72 NTOP - 61 - 72 MCP - 61 - 72 Starting - 100 Max (165 Discing < 0* OAT) Transient - 44 to 61 & 72 - 100 (20sec max) Reverse - 61 to 72

Oil Temp (*C)

MTOP / NTOP / MCP - 0 to 107 (115 permitted for continuation of flight with 20% reduction in power. Maint action reqd) Starting - -40 Transient - 125 for 5 sec above FLT IDLE & < 55% Reverse - 0 to 107

Engine and Propellor Ground limitations Wind Speed - 9 to 20kts - 21 to 35kts - 36 to 50kts (55kt gusts)

Max TQ is 100% Minimum NH is 64.2% Nose of aeroplane > 30* out of wind - 50kts Wind > 8kts and nose > 30* out of wind (see below) - FLT IDLE (momentary above is ok) - FLT IDLE - FLT IDLE (PWR levers must be at DISC when stationary)

Starter Cranking limits

1) 70 sec on 2 min off 2) 70 sec on 2 min off 3) 70 sec on 30 min off

Maximum Fuel

5318kg

What position must the fuel pumps be at for TO and LDG

Hydraulic system minimum QTY's

1) 40% 2) 40% 3) 45%

Rejected Landing Considerations

Brake cooling times (AFM)

APU starter Limitations

1min on 5 mins off 1 min on Maintenance action required (&30mins)

In regard to Airframe contamination, what must be the condition of the aircraft before departure?

Must be free of Frost, Ice and snow before takeoff

PEC?

20 foot addition

Battery max load for departure Battery min Temp

0.1 -20*C

When must AP be disconnected?

Flaps 0 < 1000' AGL Severe Icing Pilot at control seat on landing <200' AGL OEI approach < 1000' AGL AP / FD approach 2.5* to 4* only

Minimum speed gates flaps: 0 5 10 15 & 15 with 35 selected for landing 35 Holding

0 - 180 5 - 165 10 - 155 15 - Vref or Vref ICE 15 with 35 for landing - Vref ICE Flap 35 + 10kts 35 - Vref or Vref ICE Holding - 190kts

What is the minimum speed in the climb

Vbg or Vbg ice