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Neuroanatomy > Limbic System > Flashcards

Limbic System Flashcards

1
Q

function of the limbic system?

A

emotional content for learning and memory

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2
Q

emotional stimulus is first relayed to the __1___ and then to the ___2_____

A
  1. thalamus

2. sensory cortex

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3
Q

from the sensory cortex emotional stimulus then goes to the ________ and then begins cyclic interactions

A

cingulate cortex

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4
Q

feeling and bodily responses come out of the _________

A
  • feelings from cingulate cortex

- bodily response from hypothalamus

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5
Q

list the 4 structures of the cyclic portion of the limbic system in order

A
  1. cingulate cortex - from sensory cortex or anterior thalamus
  2. hippocampus
  3. hypothalamus
  4. anterior thalamus - then back to the cingulate cortex
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6
Q

what is another name for the entorhinal cortex?

A

parahippocampal gyrus

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7
Q

in the circuit of papez the cingulate gyrus goes through the cingulum to the ___________

A

entorhinal cortex

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8
Q

what does the perforant path connect?

A

the perforant path connects the entorhinal cortex to the hippocampus

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9
Q

in the circuit of papez the hippocampus is connected to the mammillary body via the ________

A

the post commissural fibers of the fornix. it goes through the fornix

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10
Q

in the circuit of papez the mammillary body is connected to the anterior thalamus via the __________

A

mammilo-thalamic tract

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11
Q

in the circuit of papez the anterior thalamus is connected to the cingulate gyrus via the ___________

A

thalamo-cortical tract

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12
Q

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome affects what part of the limbic system?

A

the mammilo-thalamic tract of the circuit of papez (betweeen the mammillary body and the anterior thalamus)

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13
Q

75% of alzheimers affects what part of the limbic sysytem?

A

the perforant path of the circuit of papez ( in between the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus)

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14
Q

what causes wernicke-korsakoff syndrome?

A

vitamin B1 deficiency from alcoholism

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15
Q

what are the symptoms of wernicke-korsakoff syndrome?

A

confabulation- make stuff up,

loss of memoru and ability to make new ones

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16
Q

where is the hippocampus located?

A

the temporal lobe

17
Q

afferents of the hippocampus?

A

perforant path and fornix

18
Q

intrinsics of the hippocampus?

A

trisynaptic ciruit

19
Q

efferents of the hippocampus?

A

fornix (post commissural fibers)

20
Q

explain the pathway of the trisynaptic circuit?

A
  1. Entorhinal cortex to the genule cells/ dentate gyrus via the perforant path
  2. granule cells/ dentate gyrus to the hippocampus pyramidal neurons via the missy fibers
  3. Ca3 to Ca1 via the schaffer collaterals or Ca3 to the fornix
21
Q

what structure causes dejavou?

A

the Uncus over fires and by the time info comes from the perforant path to the dentate, you already have a memory.

22
Q

where is the dentate gyrus located?

A

the hippocampus

23
Q

where is the amygdala located?

A

anterior to the hippocampus in the temporal lobe

24
Q

what are the 3 major nuclei/ divisions of the amygdala?

A
  1. basolateral complex
  2. cortico-medial system
  3. central nucleus
25
Q

what are the afferents of the amygdala?

A
  1. lateral olfactory tract

2. prefrontal cortex

26
Q

what are the efferents of the amygdala?

A
  1. amygdalafugal pathway

2. stria terminalis

27
Q

what structure controls the fear response?

A

stria terminalis

28
Q

what nucleus of the amygdala controls the striatial system?

A

central nucleus

29
Q

what nucleus of the amygdala controls the olfactory system?

A

cortico-medial system

30
Q

what nucleus of the amygdala controls the amygdalafugal pathway?

A

basolateral complex

31
Q

what can damage to the amygdala cause?

A
  • poorly conditioned emotional response
  • poor recognition of fear
  • patients fail to focus on eyes
32
Q

what symptoms do psychopaths have in regard to their amygdala?

A
  • low amygdala reactivity to emotions

- difficulty learning from punishments

33
Q

amygdala hyperactivity causes?

A

ANXIETY

34
Q

what nucleus counteracts fear?

A

septal nucleus

35
Q

what causes kluver-bucy snydrome?

A

bilateral lesions to the amygdala

36
Q

symptoms of kluver-bucy snydrome?

A

docile, overeating, hyperphagia, hyperorality, hypersexuality

37
Q

left vs right amygdala when told a joke?

A

left amygdala - understands the joke

right amygdala - responds to the joke

38
Q

loss of the the septal nucleus causes?

A

fear and depression

39
Q

function of the septal nucleus?

A

counterbalance fear, pleasure, sexual gratification,

Neuroanatomy (12 decks)

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