Limbic System Flashcards
Pathway of the limbic system that projects from hippocampus to mammillary bodies
Fornix
Pathway of the limbic system that runs from mammillary bodies to anterior nucleus of thalamus
Mammillothalamic tract
Pathway of the limbic system that runs from the amygdala to septal nuclei (in frontal lobe) and hypothalamus
Stria terminalis
Pathway of the limbic system that runs from septum and anterior thalamus to habenula (near thalamus)
Stria medullaris
Pathway of the limbic system that connects the septum, amygdala, olfactory regions to hypothalamus and brainstem
Medial forebrain bundle
Pathway of the limbic system that is deep within the cingulate gyrus and connects wide regions of the cortex
Cingulum
This structure of the hippocampal formation has a granule cell layer
Dentate gyrus
This structure of the hippocampal formation is a 3 layered cortex with a pyramidal cell layer
Hippocampus
Fibers that enter and leave this structure form the fimbria and continue as the fornix
Hippocampus
Fibers that enter and leave the hippocampus form this and continue as the fornix
Fimbria
Fibers that enter and leave the hippocampus form the fimbria and continue as this
Fornix
The amygdala is located anterior to this structure
Hippocampus
The amygdala is at the tip of this ventricle
Lateral ventricle
This is the most defined output of the amygdala
Stria terminalis
This system acts as a “filter” between emotion/drives and rational decision making
Matches the appropriate behavior with satisfaction of a basic drive (hunger)
Limbic system
Does the hippocampal formation function in the formation of memories or retention of old memories?
Forming new memories
Alzheimer’s disease targets this system initially
Limbic system
(esp. hippocampus and frontal cortex)
Microtubule associated protein that is hyperphosphorylated in Alzheimer’s disease and forms neurofibrillary tangles
Tau protein
This gene is most commonly mutated in familial Alzheimer’s disease
Presenilin-1
Alzheimer’s disease is accompanied by a significant inflammatory response from these cells
Microglia
This variant of apolipoprotein E is the strongest genetic risk factor for late onset Alzheimer’s disease
ApoE4
Is the ApoE4 gene variant a risk factor for early or late onset Alzheimer’s disease?
Late onset
Apolipoprotein E4 is thought to facilitate transport and deposition of this protein
Beta amyloid (Aβ)
New data suggests this mutated protein increases the inflammatory response to microglia tau resulting in cell death in Alzheimer’s disease
ApoE4
Aducanumab is an antibody that targets this protein
Amyloid beta
(used to treat Alzheimer’s disease, but very criticized drug)
The leading hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease is that accumulation of this is toxic to neurons
Amyloid beta (Aβ)
