Limbic System

Question 1

Limbic Function

Answer 1

assignment of value

convert short term –> long term memory

Question 2

Hippocampal Lesion

Answer 2

-anterograde amnesia

Question 3

Hippocampus parts (3)

Answer 3

• dentate gyrus (afferent)
• HC proper (efferent)
• subiculum

Question 4

Papez Circuit

Answer 4

cingulate gyrus –> HC –> fornix –> HT (mam bodies) –> thalamus –> cortex

Question 5

Amgydala functions

Answer 5

• smell is major afferent

- behavior/emotion - programs appropriate behavioral responses

Question 6

Amygdala Lesion

Answer 6

bilateral = profound beahvioral alterations

• stimulated = rage/agression, removed = tame, indifferent to stimuli
• human loses affective meaning of outisde info (knows who someone is but not if they like them)

Question 7

Amygdala nuclei – Basolateral

Answer 7

• projects to frontal, temporal, thalamus

- thought to attach emotional significance to stimulus

Question 8

Amygdala nuclei – Central

Answer 8

• goes to RF
• regulates ANS
• helps shape emotional response

Question 9

Amgdala nuclei – Cortical

Answer 9

• olfactory perception

- behaviors triggered by smell

Question 10

Septal Region of HC

Answer 10

• fibers to BS & RF
• reward/pleasure center (orgasm)
• dopamine projects here

Question 11

Cingulate Gyrus

Answer 11

• pathway from thalamus to HC

- responsible for focusing attention on emotionally significant events, and associating memories to smells/pain

Question 12

Anterior Cingulate Cortex (divisons - 4)

Answer 12

1. anterior = executive
2. Posterior = evaluative
3. Dorsal = cognitive
4. Ventral = emotional

Question 13

ACC especially involved when _____

Answer 13

effort needed to carry out a task such as early learning and problem solving

Question 14

Many studies attribute functions such as ____, ____, ____, and _____ to the ACC

Answer 14

error detection, anticipation of tasks, motivation, modulation of emotional responses

Question 15

Ventral Tegmental Area of BS

Answer 15

• consists of dopamine pathways responsible for pleasure

- damage = difficulty getting pleasure in life, turn to alcohol/drugs, etc

Question 16

Caudate Nucleus of Basal Ganglia

Answer 16

responsible for repetitive behaviors, reward experiences, focusing attention

Question 17

Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 17

• closely linked to limbic system
• thinking about the future, making plans, taking action
• also involved in same dopamine pathways as ventral tegmental area, plays a part in pleasure/addiction

Question 18

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome

Answer 18

=bilat removal of temporal lobes

• absence of emotional response – no more fear, rage, aggression (amyg)
• compulsion to be overly attentive to all sensory stim
• hypersexual
• psychic blindness or visual agnosia (neocortical pathway to temporal lobe)

Question 19

Korsakoff Syndrome

Answer 19

• loss of recent memory and a tendency to fabricate false accounts of recent events
• HC, mamillary bodies, and esp medial dorsal nuc of thalamus

Question 20

Alzheimer

Answer 20

• progressive dementia in pts <65

- associated with loss of neurons in hippocampal formation