Limbic System Flashcards
Where is the Limbic System located?
- ring-like region of cortex surrounding the brainstem
Associated with HOME
HOME
Homeostasis
Olfaction
Memory
Emotion
Where does the limbic system receive input from?
- All sensory systems but most directly from olfactory system
Papez Circuit
- Emotions fuel perception and physiological responses
- Emotional stimuluse can go through pathways from thalamus to hypothalamus creating a physiological response; Goes to hypothalamus and implication on ANS (Sympathetic and Parasympathetic).
What parts of the limbic system is involved with emotion?
- Amygdala
- Basal Ganglia
Amygdala
- Most associated with strong emotion (specifically fear)
- Fear tied to fight or flight response
- Connections with the frontal cortex, association cortices , ANS (via hypothalamus) to tell you when you should fear something
Example of how Basal Ganglia effects emotion
Parkinson’s patients have less facial expression
5 types of memory
- Episodic
- Semantic
- Procedural
- Spatial
- Working
Episodic
remembering things that happen to you
Semantic
remembering facts
Procedural
remebering how to do things
Spatial
Remembering where things are within your environment
Working
- Maintaining and manipulating information
- Ex: repeating a phone number over and over until you can right it down)
- Becomes long term through chunking
What types of memory are considered declarative?
Episodic and semantic
What type of memory is considered implicit?
Procedural
All types of memory are ____ and ____
interrelated and interdependent
What parts of the limbic system are important for memory?
- Basal Ganglia
- Amygdala
- Hippocampus
- Hypothalamus
- Mamillary Bodies
- Entorhinal Cortex
- Cingulate Gyrus
Hippocampus
- Located next to amygdala
- Important in the formation of long term and declarative memory
If the hippocampus is damaged, what will the person present with?
- Can’t create formation of new long term memories (Can’t remember what they did the day before)
- Short term and procedural memory are intact
- Damage to this region, associated with onset of Alzheimer’s Disease
Hypothalamus
Functions
- Control body homeostasis via ANS connections
- Memory Recall
Label this image
Mamillary Body
- End of fornix
- Important for memory recall, especially recognition memory through interactions with the hypothalamus
Entorhinal Cortex
- Located at rostral end of temporal lobe
- Direct input into the hippocampus
- Pre-processing memory inputs (gives sense of familiarity); find your way home
- Receives inputs from the olfactory system (how smell elicits memories)
____ is one of the first areas to be affected in Alzheimer’s Disease
Entorhinal Cortex
____ is one of the first areas to be affected in Alzheimer’s Disease
Entorhinal Cortex
Cingulate Gyrus
- Located superior to corpus callosum
- Functionally split into anterior and posterior
- Anterior: Working memory (short term); Active working memory = first steo in forming long term memories
- Posterior: Recall of autobiographic memory (personal historic facts)
Damage to the cingulate gyrus would result in….
Changes in memory similar to hippocampus
