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CTS-D > Lighting Specifications > Flashcards

Lighting Specifications Flashcards

1
Q

____ is light emitted from or reflected by an object.

A

Luminance

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2
Q

Luminance is measured in ____ or ____.

A

candelas per square meter (cd/m2, also referred to as a nit) or footlamberts (fL).

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3
Q

One nit (cd/m2) = ____ fL.

A

0.292

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4
Q

____ is light falling on a surface

A

Illuminance

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5
Q

Illuminance is measured in ____ or ____ .

A

lux (lx) or footcandles (fc).

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6
Q

One lux = ___ fc

A

0.09

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7
Q

_____ measures the direct light coming from a source, such as a lightbulb, projector, or monitor.

A. Incident Light Meter
B. Reflected Light Meter

A

A. Incident Light Meter

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8
Q

____ also known as spot meters, measure the light that bounces off an object, such as a projection screen or work surface.

A. Incident Light Meter
B. Reflected Light Meter

A

B. Reflected Light Meter

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9
Q

____ is the quantification of the color of “white” light, as rated on a numerical scale.

A

Color temperature

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10
Q

____ measures the light color that a lamp emits as a single number and indicates the “warmth” or “coolness” of the light.

A

Correlated color temperature (CCT)

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11
Q

The higher the CCT, the ____ the light. The lower the CCT, the ____ the light.

A

bluer / redder

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12
Q

The ____ measures how accurately a light source replicates a desired set of parameters. It is the effect a light source has on the perceived color of objects relative to an incandescent source of the same CCT.

A

color rendering index (CRI)

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13
Q

A lamp’s performance can be measured in lumens per watt. The number of lumens you get per watt is known as ____.

A

efficacy

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14
Q

A ____ describes the light source and light-producing components (bulb, filament, fuse, and so on).

A. lamp
B. luminaire

A

A. lamp

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15
Q

A ____ is the light source plus the structures attached to it that control and distribute light (the lamp plus sockets, housing, and so on).

A. lamp
B. luminaire

A

B. luminaire

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16
Q

Often you’ll hear ____ and luminaire used interchangeably in the AV industry.

A

lighting fixture

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17
Q

The Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) Lighting Handbook recommends task light levels in AV areas to be from ___ to ___ lux or from ___ to ___ fc.

A

200 to 500 / 20 to 50

18
Q

AV designers should specify the amount of ambient light falling on a screen. Front-projection screen recommendation is less than ___ lux.

A. 50
B. 150
C. 200

A

A. 50

19
Q

AV designers should specify the amount of ambient light falling on a screen. Rear-projection screen recommendation is less than ___ lux.

A. 50
B. 150
C. 200

A

B. 150

20
Q

AV designers should specify the amount of ambient light falling on a screen. Direct display screen recommendation is less than ___ lux.

A. 50
B. 150
C. 200

A

C. 200

21
Q

Once you’ve specified your task light levels and your ambient light limits, you can consider the types of lamps and luminaires you’ll want in the room. Lamps can be broken into three main groups.

A
  • Incandescent
  • Fluorescent
  • LED
22
Q

_____ work by heating a filament with electricity, which causes the tungsten wire to glow. The advantages are low initial cost and high CRI, while the disadvantages are low efficacy and high heat output.

A. Incandescent Lamps
B. Fluorescent lights
C. LED lights

A

A. Incandescent Lamps

23
Q

_____ work by heating both an inert gas and mercury to the point of producing visible light by the phosphor coating on the bulb. The advantages are higher efficacy and cooler operation, while the disadvantages are higher initial cost and sensitivity to external temperatures.

A. Incandescent Lamps
B. Fluorescent lights
C. LED lights

A

B. Fluorescent lights

24
Q

_____ work by converting electrical energy directly into photons through semiconductor materials. The advantages are long lamp life, high efficacy, good performance in cold weather, and longer durability. The disadvantages are high initial cost and heat sensitivity.

A. Incandescent Lamps
B. Fluorescent lights
C. LED lights

A

C. LED lights

25
Q

The term that describes the difference in percentage between the lumen output of a lamp alone and the lumen output of the lamp within a luminaire is _____.

A

efficiency

26
Q

____ are usually graphed as polar plots that look similar to microphone and loudspeaker plots. These graphs show the distribution of light from the vertical field and help give you a sense of the direction that light will be spread in an area of a room.

A. Candlepower distribution curves
B. Spacing criterion data
C. Lamp and ballast data

A

A. Candlepower distribution curves

27
Q

_____ will provide you with the recommended ratio between each light’s center and the distance above the task area. This is to ensure an even distribution of light and can help you properly coordinate with your loudspeaker layout in a reflected ceiling plan or keep an even wall wash for videoconferencing lighting.

A. Candlepower distribution curves
B. Spacing criterion data
C. Lamp and ballast data

A

B. Spacing criterion data

28
Q

_____ includes lamp type, CCT information, and CRI information.

A. Candlepower distribution curves
B. Spacing criterion data
C. Lamp and ballast data

A

C. Lamp and ballast data

29
Q

A ____ is a grouping of luminaires (lighting fixtures) that are controlled together.

A

zone

30
Q

It is common practice to use only __ percent of a dimmer’s capacity for incandescent loads.

A

80

31
Q

Fluorescent loads have an inherent surge, and dimmers that control them are commonly derated by __ to __ percent.

A

30 to 50

32
Q

A ____ is a recallable configuration of lighting levels for one or more zones.

A

scene or preset

33
Q

Any excessive bright light that causes discomfort or a reduction in visibility is called ____, and it negatively impacts your AV design.

A

glare

34
Q

There are two types of glare.

____ or any excessive bright light coming directly into the eyes or camera.

A. Direct glare
B. Indirect glare

A

A. Direct glare

35
Q

There are two types of glare.

____ or any excessive bright light reflecting off a surface before coming into the eyes or camera.

A. Direct glare
B. Indirect glare

A

B. Indirect glare

36
Q

Four layers of light are often considered in videoconference rooms, ____, _____, _____, and _____.

A
  • Key light
  • Fill light
  • Back light
  • Wall wash
37
Q

The ____ is the brightest light on the subject.

A Key light
B. Fill light
C. Back light
D. Wall wash

A

A Key light

38
Q

The ____ is filling in the dark spot created by the key light.

A Key light
B. Fill light
C. Back light
D. Wall wash

A

B. Fill light

39
Q

The ____ shines on the subject’s shoulders and hair. This creates an outline around the subject and separates the subject from the wall behind.

A Key light
B. Fill light
C. Back light
D. Wall wash

A

C. Back light

40
Q

The ____ lights the background. It helps to produce a pleasing image when using an auto-iris camera.

A Key light
B. Fill light
C. Back light
D. Wall wash

A

D. Wall wash

41
Q

IES’s Fundamentals of Lighting for Videoconferencing recommends that fluorescent sources have a CCT of __ to __ K, with a minimum CRI of __.

A

3000 to 3500 K / 80

42
Q

IES’s Fundamentals of Lighting for Videoconferencing recommends that halogen sources have a CCT of __ K or greater.

A

2800 K

CTS-D (17 decks)

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