Ergonomics in AV Design Flashcards
Define “Ergonomics”.
The scientific study of the way people interact with a system
Ergonomics is also known as ____.
human-factors engineering
What is the purpose of ergonomics?
To limit injury, fatigue, and discomfort in a work environment.
What is the visual field?
The point in space that can be seen when a person’s head and eyes are absolutely still. Measured in degrees.
The visual field of a single eye is called ____.
monocular vision
The visual field where the perceived image from both eyes overlaps is called ____.
binocular vision
____ degrees side to side is the optimum field of vision range.
15
People can recognize words, fine details, and color information up to about ____ to ____ degrees from the standard line of sight
10, 20
Depending on size, shape, and detail, people can identify symbols between __ and __ degrees from the standard line of sight.
5, 30
The limits of color discrimination are between __ and __ degrees in each direction, depending on the color.
30, 60
Optimal eye rotation along a vertical plane is __ degrees below the standard line of sight. The maximum eye rotation above the standard line of sight is
__ degrees. Note the difference: It’s more comfortable to cast a gaze downward.
30, 25
The limit of color discrimination is between __ degrees below the standard line of sight and __ degrees above the standard line of sight.
40, 30
The limit of the total visual field along the vertical plane is __ degrees below the standard line of sight and __ degrees above the standard line of sight.
70, 50
People view objects most comfortably in the _____ visual field.
lower
A ____ study helps determine the most appropriate seating layout, for example, to ensure a clear field of view.
sightline
Sightline studies are based on three factors.
Seating types
Floor types
The limits of comfortable viewing (ergonomics)
In a(n) ____ seating arrangement, viewers are placed directly behind the viewer in front of them.
aligned
In a(n) ____ seating arrangement, people are placed so they can view the image between the shoulders of the viewers in front of them.
staggered
Seated people need to be able to sit down and stand up easily. Experts recommend a minimum distance of __ inches between the edge of a table and the nearest physical obstruction, such as a wall.
48
Standing people also need circulation space. For passageway clearance, such as in an aisle or walkway, specify about __ to __ inches of circulation space.
30, 36
The optimal range of table space width is __ to __ inches per seated person. The optimal range of table space depth is __ to __ inches.
24, 30, 16, 18
When considering viewers’ visual field along a horizontal plane, people can recognize words, fine details, and color at what angle from the standard line of sight? A. 0 to 10 degrees B. 10 to 20 degrees C. 25 to 30 degrees D. 40 to 50 degrees
B. 10 to 20 degrees
Which of the following methods can be used to improve sightlines in an
auditorium?
A. Lowering the height of the display
B. Using an aligned seating layout
C. Providing a sloped or tiered-seating layout
D. Installing seats with taller dimensions
C. Providing a sloped or tiered-seating layout
In a sightline study, you can determine the minimum distance between the nearest viewer and a display by drawing a sightline from the top of the projected image to the eye of the closest viewer at what angle? A. 10 degrees B. 20 degrees C. 30 degrees D. 40 degrees
C. 30 degrees
People view objects more comfortably when the objects are located __________.
A. To the left of their standard line of sight
B. To the right of their standard line of sight
C. Higher than their standard line of sight
D. Lower than their standard line of sight
D. Lower than their standard line of sight
Circulation space is __________.
A. The area a person needs to turn around without disturbing other people
B. The area around AV equipment that allows it to ventilate
C. The area below a lectern where AV sources are housed
D. The space behind a rear-projection screen
A. The area a person needs to turn around without disturbing other people
Ergonomics is the study of ____.
A. how workplace and equipment comfort, safety, efficiency, and productivity can be improved
B. the extreme limitations of human physical abilities
C. furniture design and aesthetics
D. the success of AV systems
A. how workplace and equipment comfort, safety, efficiency, and productivity can be improved
The limits of the vertical visual field indicate that displays should be positioned so that the _____.
A. center of the image is precisely on-axis with the viewers’ standard line of sight
B. bottom of the image is no more than 30 degrees below the viewers’ standard line of sight
C. top of the image is no more than 30 degrees above the viewers’ standard line of sight
D. center of the image is at least 10 degrees above the view’s standard line of sight
C. top of the image is no more than 30 degrees above the viewers’ standard line of sight
Based on the average size of the human body, two people would be comfortable sitting at a desk that is 50 inches (1,270 mm) wide, 16 inches (406 mm) deep and moved 48 inches (1,219 mm) away from the room’s back wall.
A. True
B. False
A. True
