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Science > Light & Sound > Flashcards

Light & Sound Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name the properties of light

A
  • it is a form of energy
  • it travels as a wave, electromagnetic wave
  • reflects off surfaces
  • speed of light 300 000 km per second
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2
Q

When light hits a surface it may be

A
  • transmitted through it
  • reflected off it
  • absorbed into it
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3
Q

What is the law of reflection

A

Angle of incidence = angle of reflection

i = r

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4
Q

What is refraction

A

Refraction is the bending of light

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5
Q

Higher refraction index means

A

That light bends towards the normal

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6
Q

Lower refractive index

A

Light bends away from the normal

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7
Q

Concave lenses

A

A lens that curves inwards. This causes light to diverge, or spread. They spread parallel light rays as though the rays have come from a point behind he lens. Only produces images that are smaller , upright and virtual.

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8
Q

Convex lenses

A

A lens that is thicker at the centre. They cause light rays to come together, or converge. This is also know as a magnifying glass when held close to an object.

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9
Q

ROYGBIV

A 
Red 
Orange 
Yellow
Green 
Blue
Indigo
Violet
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10
Q

How can white light be turned into a rainbow

A

When a white light is refracted through triangular prism crystal or drop of water

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11
Q

How is sound produced

A

Vibration

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12
Q

How does sound travel

A

Longitudinal waves

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13
Q

Frequency

A

The numbers of waves passing a point every second

Hertz - measurement

High f = high pitch
Low f = low pitch

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14
Q

Amplitude

A

The force of a compression

Low a = soft sound
High a = loud sound

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15
Q

Longitudinal wave

A

A wave in which the vibration is in the same direction that the wave is traveling

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16
Q

Compression

A

A region of high pressure where particles are close together

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17
Q

Rarefaction

A

A region of low pressure in which particles are far apart

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18
Q

Transverse wave

A

A wave where the vibration is at right angles to the direction the wave is traveling

Beach wave up and down

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19
Q

Angle of incidence

A

An angle the incoming Ray makes with the the normal

20
Q

Angle of reflection

A

The angle a reflected Ray makes with the the normal

21
Q

Angle of refraction

A

The angle the refracted Ray makes with the normal

22
Q

Diffuse reflection

A

Reflection of light in many directions from an uneven surface

23
Q

Incident Ray

A

Incoming Ray

24
Q

Refractive index

A

A measure of how easily light passes through a substance

25
Q

Regular reflection

A

Reflection of light from a smooth surface such as still water or mirror. Produces clear image

26
Q

Cornea

A

A transparent covering over the iris. It bends light into the lens

27
Q

Focal length

A

The distance from a lens to its focus

28
Q

Lens

A

In the eye it is a flexible structure the enables light to be focused on the retina

29
Q

Long - sightedness

Hyperopia

A

Inability to focus on close objects because the eyeball is to long

30
Q

Optic nerve

A

A nerve that carries that carries an electrical signal from the retina to the brain

31
Q

Real image

A

An image formed when rays of light actually meet

32
Q

Retina

A

Nerve tissue at the back of the eye. Consists of cone and rod cells, light is converted into an electrical signal here

33
Q

Short - sightedness

Myopia

A

Inability to focus on long distant objects as the eyeball is to small

34
Q

Pupil

A

An opening in the iris that determines the amount of light entering the eye

35
Q

Sclera

A

White of the eye

36
Q

Iris

A

Coloured part of the eye

37
Q

Aqueous humour

A

Water fluid produced by the ciliary body to lubricate the lens and cornea

38
Q

Vitreous humour

A

Clear fluid between the lens and retina

39
Q

What is the top of the wave called

A

Crest

40
Q

What is the bottom of the wave called

A

Trough

41
Q

What are the primary colours

A

Red green blue

42
Q

What are the secondary colours

A

Cyan magenta yellow

43
Q

Ciliary body

A

Connected to the lens. Muscles in the body allow the shape of the lens to change

44
Q

Chorid

A

Has a rich blood supply and nourishes the retina

45
Q

Fovea

A

Responsible for central vision

Science (17 decks)

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