Heart and Digestion Flashcards

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1
Q

What is chemical digestion

A

Involves the use of enzymes to break down the food

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2
Q

What do amylases break down

A

Carbohydrates

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3
Q

What do proteases break down

A

Protein

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4
Q

What do lipases break down

A

Lipids

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5
Q

what is the substance that enzymes breakdown

A

Substrate

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6
Q

How do enzymes die

A

When they become over heated

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7
Q

In the digestion diagram from ur mouth to ur anus what’s in the middle

A
Mouth 
Salivary glands 
Epiglottis 
Oesophagus 
Liver 
Gall bladder 
Stomach 
Pancreas 
Small intestine 
Large intestine 
Appendix 
Rectum 
Anus
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8
Q

describe function of the villi

A

Once food is broken down by enzymes into molecules in ur small intestine the molecules are absorbed through finger shaped villi

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9
Q

Describe shape of villi

A

Villi are shaped like fingers to maximise surface area increasing the efficiency of nutrient absorption into the capillaries these nutrients are transported to cells that need them

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10
Q

From top to bottom label the villi

A
Epithelium cells 
Capillaries 
Lacteal
Veins 
Lymph vessel
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11
Q

From top to bottom label the heart

A
Aorta 
Superior vena cava 
Left atrium 
Right atrium 
Right ventricle 
Left ventricle 
Inferior vena cava
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12
Q

How much blood in a human

A

5 litres or bucket full

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13
Q

How many times do RBC travel around the body

A

300 000 times 120 days

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14
Q

Where are RBC manufactured

A

1.7 million RBC are manufactured in the bone marrow each second

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15
Q

Plasma

A

Plasma is found in 55% of blood and is a straw coloured fluid. It contains serum and fibrinogen

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16
Q

RBC

A

Lacks a nucleus and are biconcave it also carries oxygen and a pigment haemolglobin

17
Q

WBC

A

Contains a nucleus making them larger they also fight illness and infection

18
Q

Platelets

A

They clot blood vessels and prevent germs getting in

19
Q

Structure and function arteries

A

They transport blood from your heart

Arteries have thick elastic walls and carry blood under high pressure away from your heart

20
Q

Structure and function veins

A

Transport blood back to the heart

Thin walls and posses valves

21
Q

Structure and function capillaries

A

Capillaries transport substances such as oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove wastes

22
Q

Where are capillaries found

A

Between arteries and veins

23
Q

Incisors

A

Act like scissors, used for biting and cutting,

Chiseled edge and broad thin crown

24
Q

Canines

A

Fang like, tear and grasp food, sharp pointed

25
Q

Molars and premolars

A

Have cusps used for grinding and crushing

26
Q

What is peristalsis

A

Help push down food in the Oesophagus and small intestine

27
Q

What coeliac disease

A

Intolerant to gluten

28
Q

Where are the ventricles

A

Bottom

29
Q

Where are the atriums

A

Top

30
Q

Where does the blood pumped from the left side got to

A

Everywhere except lungs

31
Q

Where does the blood pumped from the right side go to

A

The lungs

32
Q

What is systolic pressure

A

When ur blood pressure is at its highest as the heart contracts

33
Q

What is diastolic pressure

A

Blood pressure at its lowest where the heart is relaxed

34
Q

What are valves

A

Help blood to only travel in one direction

35
Q

What is a electrocardiograph

A

Shows electrical activity of a persons heart

36
Q

What is mechanical digestion

A

Also know as physical digestion as u use ur teeth to bite tear crush and grind food