Light and optics

Question 1

what kind of wave is light

Answer 1

electromagnetic –> transverse

Question 2

polarized light

Answer 2

naturally occuring light is polarized , electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular

Question 3

what ways can light be polarized

Answer 3

linear and circular (l/r)

Question 4

optical dichromism

Answer 4

use R/L configuration of polraization of light to determine characteristcs

Question 5

how fast do electromagnetic waves propagate through a vaccum

Answer 5

speed of light
c = 3.0E 8 m/s

Question 6

speed of electromagnetic radiation rxn

Answer 6

c= λ*f

Question 7

Energy of electromagnetic radiation eqn

Answer 7

E=h*f
- h is planks constant 6.62E-34

Question 8

what does high energy mean in terms of frequency and wavelength

Answer 8

high energy = high frequency = low wavelength

Question 9

low energy waves

Answer 9

low frequency, high wavelength

Question 10

energy of radiation in terms of wavelength

Answer 10

E= (hc)/λ

Question 11

range of visible light

Answer 11

400 nm to 750 nm

Question 12

violet is ____ in wavelength

Answer 12

low

Question 13

red is ___ in wavelength

Answer 13

high

Question 14

which type of radiation is lower wavelegnth than violet

Answer 14

UV (ultraviolet)

Question 15

which type of wave length is higher than red

Answer 15

Infared (red)

Question 16

mneumonic for remembering electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 16

Raging Martions Invade Venus Using Xray Guns

Question 17

what is true about color and absopriton

Answer 17

things do not appear the color that they absorb

Question 18

properties of a wave that are traveling through a medium and come into contact with another medium

Answer 18

reflection and refraction

Question 19

reflection

Answer 19

wave bounces off new medium

Question 20

refraction

Answer 20

wave length continues to travel through new medium along slightly different path

Question 21

things reflect …. (symmetrically or assymetrically)

Answer 21

symmetrically

Question 22

relationship between angle of reflection and angle of incidence

Answer 22

opposite but equal

Question 23

normal line

Answer 23

perpendicular to the optical interface

Question 24

propagation speed depends on

Answer 24

medium it travels through

Question 25

what happens to speed of particle during refraction

Answer 25

passes through different mediums and speed changes

Question 26

refraction index

Answer 26

n = c/v(material) ratio of speed of light to speed in new material - always greater than 1

Question 27

snells law theory

Answer 27

when refraction occurs, speed changes and light bends - relates refraction index to how much light bends

Question 28

snells law equation

Answer 28

n1sin1=n2sin2

Question 29

n1/n2<1

Answer 29

angle is increasin and speed is incrasing

Question 30

total internal reflection

Answer 30

go beyond critical angle and no more light can refract, all must be reflected y

Question 31

prism

Answer 31

total internal reflection of light disperses color

Question 32

angle of incidence

Answer 32

angle between source and medium

Question 33

diffraction

Answer 33

light passes through obstacle, light hitting will reflect back and light missed will continue through }

Question 34

single slit

Answer 34

diffraction experiment where light passes through one small slit massive intensity peak at the center of the diffraction pattern with alternating and weak paeks and areas of darkness as you move away from center

Question 35

single slit formula

Answer 35

Asin=m λ - m is the location for minimum light waves λ to pass through slit of length A

Question 36

relationship between a and sin

Answer 36

inverse - wider aperture = narrower area of intensity

Question 37

double slit diffraction

Answer 37

width of two aperatures D Dsin= (n+.5) λ

Question 38

diffraction grafting

Answer 38

combining thousands of tiny slits into a small area , grooves of DVD

Question 39

X ray diffraction

Answer 39

type of diffraction used for imaging _DNA crystallography

Question 40

thin film interference

Answer 40

confused with diffraction, occurs when light waves reflect off both the top and bottom boundries of substances that form a film - gas, water, soap

Question 41

mirrors

Answer 41

substances from which light rays reflect without any absorbance or refraction

Question 42

types of mirrors

Answer 42

plane, convex, concave

Question 43

real image

Answer 43

formed in the plane in whcih the reflected waves converge again

Question 44

virtual image

Answer 44

formed when light waves dont actually converge in a physical plane, but our perceptrual apparatus reconstructs an image based on where it appaers they were coming from

Question 45

plane mirror

Answer 45

ray of light hits mirror perpendicularly will bounce off in the same direction and form rays of light that hit a plane mirror on an angle, reflect to have equal but opposite to the nromal line

Question 46

curved mirrors are either

Answer 46

convex or concave

Question 47

concave mirrors

Answer 47

have inward curve force light rays to converge

Question 48

convex mirrors

Answer 48

outward curve - scattyer light rays outward

Question 49

what kind of mirrors make virtual images

Answer 49

convex and plane

Question 50

what kind of mirrors make real images

Answer 50

concave

Question 51

focal point

Answer 51

point of a curved mirror that is where reflection occurs

Question 52

where is focal point

Answer 52

f= r/2

Question 53

distance of object (o)

Answer 53

location of object relaitve to mirror

Question 54

distance of image (i)

Answer 54

where image of object is formed

Question 55

thin lens equation

Answer 55

1/o + 1/i = 1/f

Question 56

positive 1/f

Answer 56

in front of mirror

Question 57

negative 1/f

Answer 57

behind mirror

Question 58

magnification

Answer 58

m = -i/o

Question 59

convex 1/f values

Answer 59

negatiev

Question 60

concave 1/f values

Answer 60

positive

Question 61

negative magnification

Answer 61

inverted --> real

Question 62

thin lens equation for plane mirrors

Answer 62

1/f = -1/i

Question 63

magnification of plane mirror

Answer 63

m = -i/o = 1

Question 64

convex focal length

Answer 64

1/i = 1/f = -1/o o>0

Question 65

image of convex mirror

Answer 65

virtual and up right

Question 66

magnifiation of convex mirror

Answer 66

positive so upright

Question 67

o>f

Answer 67

obejct is distant from focal point = positve = real mangification negative so inverted

Question 68

o = f

Answer 68

object is at focal point = no image

Question 69

0

Answer 69

object is closer than focal point image is virtual and upright

Question 70

where are real images located

Answer 70

in front of mirror

Question 71

orinetation of real images

Answer 71

inverted

Question 72

orientation of virtual images

Answer 72

upright

Question 73

sign of i for real images

Answer 73

positive

Question 74

sign of i for virtaul images

Answer 74

negativ

Question 75

what mirror makes real

Answer 75

concave if o>f

Question 76

what mirror makes virtual

Answer 76

convex is f>o

Question 77

lens

Answer 77

allow light to pass through

Question 78

convex lens

Answer 78

rays converge

Question 79

concave lens

Answer 79

rays diverge

Question 80

focl length of lens

Answer 80

1/f = (n-1) (1/r - 1/r) - f focial length n is refraction index of lens r is curvature radii

Question 81

f for convex

Answer 81

positive

Question 82

f for concave lens

Answer 82

negative

Question 83

power of a lens

Answer 83

P= 1/f

Question 84

spherical abberation

Answer 84

different refraction patterns of light in lens

Question 85

total magnificaiton

Answer 85

multiply indivudal mags of lenses

Question 86

cornea

Answer 86

fixed focal length

Question 87

lens

Answer 87

flexible and bends light to focus on the retina where photoreceptors are

Question 88

myopia

Answer 88

nearsidedness can see upclose not far light refracts too much and image focus cannot work

Question 89

how to correct myopa

Answer 89

use diverging lens