Fluids

Question 1

density

Answer 1

m/V

Question 2

molarity

Answer 2

moles solute/ L solution

Question 3

density of water in kg

Answer 3

1000 kg/L

Question 4

density of water in g

Answer 4

1 g/mL or 1 g/cm^3

Question 5

specific gravity

Answer 5

how dense something is compared to water
ρ substance/ ρwater

Question 6

pressure

Answer 6

force applied over a given area
P= F/A

Question 7

units of pressure

Answer 7

pascals

Question 8

atmospheric pressure

Answer 8

baseline pressure exerted by air present between our location and space
- varies with elevation
-

Question 9

pa to atm

Answer 9

101,000 pa to 1 atm

Question 10

mmhg to atm

Answer 10

760 atm to mmhg

Question 11

pressure of a submerged in a fluid

Answer 11

ρsubmerged = ρgh
h is depth of submersion

Question 12

hydrostatic pressure

Answer 12

ρsubmerged = ρgh

Question 13

absolute pressure

Answer 13

Pabs = P atm + Pgh

Question 14

gauge pressure

Answer 14

Pgauge = Psystem - Patm

Question 15

% submersion

Answer 15

ρobject/ ρliquid x 100

Question 16

archimendes principle

Answer 16

weight = ρVg
boyancy force = volume of displaced fluid

Question 17

pascal’s law

Answer 17

change in pressure will be transmitted equally to all points of liquid

Question 18

mechanical advantage

Answer 18

length/width

Question 19

hyadrolic lift

Answer 19

F2= A2/A1* F1

Question 20

surface tension

Answer 20

intermolecular forces at surface are imbalenced

Question 21

cohesion

Answer 21

like molecules attract eachother

Question 22

adhesion

Answer 22

different molecules of various substances are attracted to eachother

Question 23

concave miniscus

Answer 23

when molecules of liquid are attracted to the tube they are in
-water

Question 24

convex miniscus

Answer 24

when molecules of liquid are more attracted than themselves than the tube

Question 25

capillary action

Answer 25

adhesion force of water pulls up through the plant against gravity

Question 26

viscocity

Answer 26

resistance to flow

Question 27

laminar flow

Answer 27

smooth

Question 28

turbulent flow

Answer 28

pressure and flow vary dramatically

Question 29

reynolds number Re

Answer 29

can predict onset of turbulence
- fluid velocity, density, viscosity, density and area

Question 30

what does a high Re indicate

Answer 30

onset of turbulence , high velocity

Question 31

what does poiseuille’s law describe

Answer 31

laminar flow through a long cylindrical tube

Question 32

pousieilles law

Answer 32

Q= pi r^4 ΔP/ (8nL)
n - viscocity
q - flow rate

Question 33

pousieilles law

Answer 33

Q= pi r^4 ΔP/ (8nL)
n - viscocity
q - flow rate

Question 34

how does flow rate (q) relate to pressure drop

Answer 34

proportional
large pressure drop
increase in velocity

Question 35

how is L related to Q and ΔP

Answer 35

L is proportional to pressure drop and inversely related to flow rate

Question 36

how is flow rate related to radius

Answer 36

proportional to r^4

Question 37

how is pressure drop related to the radius

Answer 37

inversely related to r^4

Question 38

bernouilles law

Answer 38

conservation of energy in fluids
P1 + .5pv^2 + pgh = P2 + .5pv^2 + pgh
- at constant hieght, increase in velocity decreases pressure

Question 39

pressure for fluids (energy)

Answer 39

P = W/V

Question 40

continuity eqn

Answer 40

V1A1= V2A2

Question 41

what happens to velocity and pressure of a fluid in a narrow tube

Answer 41

higher velocity and lower pressure

Question 42

what happens to pressure in a narrower tube

Answer 42

lower pressure

Question 43

venturi effect

Answer 43

velocity of a fluid is linked to a decrease in pressure

Question 44

pitot tube

Answer 44

stagnation pressure - static pressure = .5pv^2
to find velocity