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MCAT phys > kinematics, force, and work > Flashcards

kinematics, force, and work Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

what is electric current?

A

definition: describes the flow of charge in coulombs per second
unit: ampere (A)

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2
Q

what is the temperature conversion from celcius to Kelvin?

A

273.15+ temp in celcius

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3
Q

factor of 10 given by the prefix deca?

A

10E1

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4
Q

factor of 10 given by the prefix hecto

A

10E2

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5
Q

factor of 10 given by the prefix deci

A

10E-1

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6
Q

factor of 10 given by the prefix centi

A

10E-2

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7
Q

factor of 10 given by the prefix milli

A

10E-3

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8
Q

factor of 10 given by the prefix micro

A

10E-6

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9
Q

factor of 10 given by the prefix nano?

A

10E-9

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10
Q

factor of 10 given by the prefix pico?

A

10E-12

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11
Q

what is the derived unit for Force

A

Kg*m/s^2

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12
Q

what are the units for frequency (SI and derived)

A

Hertz (Hz)
s^-1

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13
Q

what are the units for pressure (SI and derived)

A

pascals (Pa)
N/m^2

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14
Q

what are the units for energy/ work

A

Joule (j)
N*m

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15
Q

what is the SI base unit of electron volt (eV)

A

1.6E-19 J

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16
Q

what are the units of power

A

Watts (W)
J/s

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17
Q

what are the units of electrical charge

A

coulombs (C)
s*A

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18
Q

what are the units of electrical potential

A

Volt (V) also W/A

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19
Q

what are the units of capacitance

A

Farads (F)
derived from C/V

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20
Q

what are the units of resistance

A

ohms
derived from V/A

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21
Q

what are the units of magnetic field

A

Tesla (T) derived from Wb/m^2

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22
Q

definition of a vector

A

quantity with magnitude and direction
- typically have x and y components

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23
Q

definition of a scalar

A

quantity with only magnitude

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24
Q

cos(30)

A

sqr(3)/2

25
Q

cos60

A

1/2

26
Q

displacement

A

vector quantity of distance. path independent and is determined by the change in location from starting point. walking in a circle would result in a displacement of zero.

27
Q

velocity

A

displacement over time.
units: m/s

28
Q

acceleration

A

velocity over time
units: m/s^2 or V/t

29
Q

if you have a positive velocity how would you interpret if the acceleration was..
A. positive
B. zero
c. negative

A

A. the object is moving up and speeding up more and more
B. the object is moving up at constant speed
C. object is moving upward and slowing down

30
Q

if you have a 0 velocity how would you interpret if the acceleration was…
A. positive
B. zero
C. negative

A

A. object is beginning to move upward from rest , or is moving from downward to upward
B. object is not moving
c. object is beginning to move downward from rest

31
Q

if you have a negative velocity how would you interpret if acceleration was..
A. positive
B. zero
C. negative

A

A. object is moving downward and slowing down
B. object is moving downward at a constant speed
C. object is moving downward and speeding up

32
Q

what does the slope of a displacement vs time graph represent

A

velocity. the steepness indicates speed
- upward and downward indicate direction

33
Q

what does the area under the curve of an acceleration vs time graph represent?

A

velocity
1/2(b*h)

34
Q

major assumption for kinematic problems on MCAT?

A

constant acceleration

35
Q

distance kinematic equation using velocity and time (no acceleration)

A

d = 1/2 (Vi+Vf)*t

36
Q

distance kinematic equation with no final velocity?

A

d = Vit + 1/2at^2

37
Q

final velocity kinematic equation with no displacement

A

Vf = Vi + at

38
Q

final velocity equation with time missing?

A

Vf^2 = Vi^2 + 2a(delta d )

39
Q

assumption in free fall problems

A

constant acceleration
g = -9.8 m/s^2
- no initial velocity!

40
Q

for projectile motion problems when does Vy = 0

A

when the object reaches its peak

41
Q

what is the definition of force?

A

an objects mass times its acceleration
units : N
derived : Kg*m/s^2

42
Q

types of force on the MCAT

A
  1. gravitational (@ a distance)
  2. electromagnetic (between charges)
  3. contact
  4. normal (against gravity)
  5. friction
  6. tension (rope).
  7. centripital
  8. spring (using hooke’s law)
43
Q

Newton’s first law

A

statement on inertia
object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon, and an object in motion will stay in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon

44
Q

newton’s second law

A

F= m*a

45
Q

newton’s third law

A

force pairs exert force on eachother equally and opposite
F a on B = -F B on A

46
Q

center of mass

A

X center = (m1X1 + m2X2) / (m1 + m2)

47
Q

friction

A

force that opposes horizontal motion
can be static (Fs) or moving (Fk)
equation for static: FsN
equation for kinetic: FkN

48
Q

terminal velocity

A

highest velocity of an object obtained while traveling through a fluid (can no longer accelerate)

49
Q

how do you calculate the x component of force of gravity on an incline plane?

A

Fsin(theta)

50
Q

force of gravity equation

A

Fg = G (M1M2) / r^2

51
Q

centripetal acceleration

A

a = v^2/ r

52
Q

centripital force

A

mv^2/r

53
Q

hooke’s law

A

-Kx= Force of spring
k is a constant unique to each spring

54
Q

torque definition and equation

A

torque is rotational force (at a distance)
T = F * d sin(theta)

55
Q

what are the ways to increase torque?

A

increase force
increase distance

56
Q

rotational potential

A

t = fd
t = mgd

57
Q

work

A

force over a distance
W= fdcos (theta)
unit: J or Nm
- conservative force (independent of path)

58
Q

mechanical advantage

A

on a slope, allows for less force with same work
length of slope/ height of slope

59
Q

power

A

work done over time
P= w/t also p = V*f
watts

MCAT phys (9 decks)

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