ligand gated ion channels- inotropic glutamate receptors Flashcards
what is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in CNS
L-glutamate
What are ionotropic glutamate receptors?
ligand gated ion channels that mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission when stimulated by glutamate
What are the three main types of ionotropic glutamate receptors?
NMDA
AMPA
kainate
What ions do AMPA receptors allow through the channel?
permeable to Na and K with little permeability to Ca
What ions do NMDA receptors allow into the cell?
permeable to Na K Ca
What ions do kainate receptors allow into the cell?
permeable to Na and K and little permeability to Ca
ionotropic glutamate receptors have __ subunits
4 (tetramers)
AMPA receptors are _____-oligomers
homo
NMDA and kainate receptors are _____-oligomers
hetero
what forms the pore of the channel
M2 and M3
name the NMDA subunits
GluN1
GluN2A GluN2B GluN2C GluN2D
GluN3A GluN3B
what is required for the activation of NMDA receptor
binding of glutamate and co-agonist glycine
name the 2 agonists of NMDA receptor
NMDA glycine
what normally blocks the NMDA receptor and how is it removed
Mg
following membrane depolarisation the Mg ions are push out the channel
what is ketamine
an open channel blocker at the NMDA receptor
what is amantidine
an antiviral that acts as a channel blocker at NMDA receptor
name the subunits of AMPA receptors
GluA1 GluA2 GluA3 GluA4
name the agonists of the AMPA receptors
glutamate and AMPA
name an analogue for glutamate
domoic acid
what has low potency at AMPA receptors
domain acts and kainate
name the subunits that can form the homo-oligomers of the kainate receptor
GluK1 GluK2 GluK3
name the agonists for kainate receptor
glutamate
kainate
domoic acid
name the ‘orphan’ glutamate receptor subunits
GluD1 GluD2
mutation of glutamate receptors are associated with which condition
epilepsy
