Lifestyle & Health

Question 1

What is the definition of physical health?

Answer 1

Anything that has to do with physical state of body
Good physical health can lead to satisfying & successful life

Question 2

What is the definition of emotional health?

Answer 2

How you think, feel, act & cope with life in general
To be emotionally healthy you should talk about feelings, ask for help when needed, keep in touch with friends & fo something you enjoy regularly
AKA mental health

Question 3

What is the definition of social health?

Answer 3

How you interact with other people in various situations & how well you make & maintain relationships
To be socially healthy you should be able to hold & contribute to conversations, have friends & feeling of sense of belonging to groups like families, friends & classes

Question 4

What are some psychological benefits of a healthy and active lifestyle?

Answer 4

Help relieve stress, anxiety and depression, mind is occupied when exercising, which can act as distraction from problems of daily life.
Improves self esteem through enhanced body image
Can relieve aggression as channeled into sport/activity in more controlled manner

Question 5

Why do people find it difficult to stick to balanced diet?

Answer 5

Leading busy lives - difficult to find time to prepare meals
Give in to temptation of unhealthy food
Availability & convenience of fast food
Cost comparison between fast food & healthy food

Question 6

Why might people choose to eat junk food?

Answer 6

Taste
Low cost
Readily available
Extensive advertising
Quick/no preparation time

Question 7

Why should people avoid junk food?

Answer 7

Low nutritional value
Can be addictive
Unknown nutritional content
Desire to lose weight
Desire to eat balanced diet
Desire to learn how to cook

Question 8

What deficiency-related diseases are associated with an unbalanced diet?

Answer 8

Scurvy - lack of vitamin C
Brittle bones/ osteoporosis - lack of calcium
Anaemia - lack of iron

Question 9

What do excess amounts of salt, sugar & fat cause?

Answer 9

Salt - High blood pressure
Sugar - tooth decay, weight gain & obesity, mood swings, aggregation of asthma
Fat - high blood cholesterol - causes HD, weight gain & obesity

Question 10

What is the definition of exercise?

Answer 10

Activity or effort whereby people aim to improve physical fitness & overall health

Question 11

What is the UK government recommendation on the amount of exercise adults should get?

Answer 11

At least 30 minutes of moderate intensity active 5+ days per week

Question 12

What is the UK government recommendation on the amount of exercise children & young people should get?

Answer 12

60 minutes moderate intensity activity everyday

Question 13

What are the short term benefits of doing exercise?

Answer 13

Burns excess calories which could turn into fat if the body does not use them
Improves sleep
Increases flexibility
Increases energy levels
Increases blood flow to brain, which improves concentrations
Increases body temperature which stimulates glands, nerves, joints & circulatory system

Question 14

What are the long term benefits of doing exercise?

Answer 14

Stronger bones & muscles
Improves body shape, muscle tone & balance
Reduces risk of certain illnesses including type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease & cancer
Prevents premature aging
Increases stamina, endurance & balance and can lead to faster reactions
Reduces blood pressure
Increases ‘good’ cholesterol & decreases ‘bad’ cholesterol
Stronger immune system, which helps fight against infections

SIR PIRIS

Question 15

What it the impact of exercise on social health?

Answer 15

Allows individual to participate in exercise activities
Helps meet new people & make friends (sports teams & exercise activities)
Learn & develop new skills (teamwork & co-operation)
Gives sense of belonging

Question 16

What is the impact of exercise on emotional health?

Answer 16

Aggression- channelled into sport, in more positive controlled manner, can be mood altering
Improves self-confidence & self-esteem, being part of team
Reduces feelings of fatigue, have more energy to keep going & can boost daily activities, enabling people to cope better
Helps individual to feel good as endorphins/serotonin released in brain ‘happy hormones’. This can contribute to enjoyment of life

Question 17

What is the impact of poor lifestyle choices on health & life expectancy of individuals?

Answer 17

Poor Diet – diet high in saturated fat, salt & simple carbohydrates can lead to overweight or obese
Lack of sleep – leads to fatigue & lethargy. Individual less likely to feel motivated to be active
Due to technological developments in society, people leading more sedentary lives - having negative impact on health & negatively affecting life expectancy
Poor physical health can cause a decline in mental health
Taking illegal drugs such as cocaine can cause heart problems, depression and insomnia

Question 18

What are some social benefits of a healthy and active lifestyle?

Answer 18

Promotes friendships & positive relationships
Self-discipline & conduct etiquette is learnt through sport
Being active can reduce sense of isolation & loneliness
Develops community cohesion playing in team based in individual’s community

Question 19

Discuss how active & healthy lifestyle impacts a business

Answer 19

Improved retention, positive, healthy work environments can reduce employee turnover & recruitment costs
Higher employee commitment. Healthy employees more committed to organisation
Greater employee resilience. Healthier employees are, in general more resilient & better able to cope with changes, uncertainty & ambiguity which now more common in modern organisations

Healthy workforce is beneficial to employers, by creating positive, safe & healthy environment for employees. This environment will increase staff morale, improve employees’ work-life balance, also having positive impact on business

Less absenteeism, healthy workers more motivated to stay in work, recover quicker & at less risk of long-term illness. Organisations stand to make substantial cost savings by promoting health in workplace & reducing sickness absence

Question 20

What are the short term physical effects for an individual participating in activities leisure?

Answer 20

Increase in heart rate, stroke volume, & cardiac output
Burns calories, used to provide energy
Blood flow increased as hard-working muscles demand more oxygen
Chemical changes occur, more adrenaline & endorphins released from brain
Control body temperature due to heat generated by working muscles

Question 21

What are the long term physical effects for an individual participating in activities leisure?

Answer 21

Exercise stimulates thickening & improved elasticity of cartilage
Exercise reduces obesity by burning off excess fat during & after activity when body’s metabolic rate remains elevated
Whole of skeletal system can be strengthened through performing exercise
Reduction in blood pressure when resting. Exercise does cause blood pressure to rise for short time, however when individual stops their blood pressure should return to normal

Increased aerobic fitness – when exercise performed over period of weeks or months, body adapts. Physiological changes that occur with repeated exposure to exercise improve body’s exercise capacity & efficiency. With aerobic training, e.g. running & cycling, heart & lungs become more efficient & endurance capacity increases.

Question 22

Discuss how the lack of physical activity can have an impact on life expectancy

Answer 22

Increases threat to health & chance of developing diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, cancers
WHO estimated obesity causes around 3 million deaths per year. Clear link between inactivity & obesity
Research shown lack of exercise causes as many as 1 in 10 premature deaths each year
Research shown that poor physical fitness directly linked to higher disease rates & higher death rates
There’s persistent & widespread inequalities in health, where life expectancy lower in less affluent areas

In UK, research estimated average life expectancy was 80–82.5 years for females & 78.5 for males. This however, is affected by leading health risk factors for nation today, including tobacco & harmful alcohol use. Cardiovascular disease remains the biggest killer, followed by cancer