Enhancing Fitness: Components Of Fitness Flashcards
What are the health-related components of fitness?
Strength
Speed
Aerobic endurance
Muscular endurance
Flexibility
Body composition
Power
What are the skill-related components of fitness?
Agility
Balance
Co-Ordination
Reaction Time
Power/Elastic Strength
Speed
What are the main types of strength?
Strength is ability to overcome a resistance
Maximal strength is maximum force exerted by specific muscle or muscle group during single maximal muscle contraction or one repetition maximum.
What is meant by flexibility?
Flexibility is range of movement around joint. Usually controlled by length of the muscle
High level of flexibility increases speed & power of muscular contraction
What is meant by speed?
The maximum rate at which person able to move his/her body to cover specific distance
What is meant by aerobic endurance?
Ability to provide & sustain energy aerobically
Dependent on ability of cardiovascular system to transport & use oxygen during sustained exercise
In order to be most effective need for large proportion of slow twitch fibres & high VO2 max
What is meant by muscular endurance?
Ability of (group of) muscles to sustain repeated contractions against resistance for extended period of time
Needs body to be efficient under aerobic & anaerobic conditions, along with ability to buffer lactic acid
What is meant by body composition?
Component parts of body in terms of body fat compared to lean body mass
Elite athletes: higher fat results in reduction of muscle efficiency & greater energy expenditure as more weight requires more energy to move around
Muscle mass desirable for sports that require strength, power & endurance
What is meant by power?
Power is application of both strength & speed
Power/elastic strength is ability of neuromuscular system to overcome resistance with high speed of contraction
What is meant by agility?
Ability to move quickly & change direction & position of body & effectively while under control
What is meant by balance?
Maintenance of body’s centre of mass over base support
Can be either static or dynamic
Commonly seen in gymnastics
What is meant by co-ordination?
Interaction of motor & nervous systems & ability to perform tasks accurately
Hand-eye coordination is ability to coordinate hands & eyes to perform tasks such as throwing & catching accurately
What is meant by reaction time?
The time taken to initiate a response to a given stimulus
What is meant by power?
Power is product of strength & speed & can also be related to:
ability to overcome resistance rapidly & prepare muscle quickly for sequential contraction of equal force - elastic strength
