Health Of The Nation Flashcards
What are the impacts of irresponsible drinking on society?
NHS
Police service
Local authorities
Probation service
Prison service & courts
How do the differences in socio-economic groups affect health?
Fresh food is more expensive; lower classes have less disposable income, so choose convenient fast foods, which impacts on their health
How do socio-economics impact life expectancy?
Increased risks of illness, disease, shorter life-expectancy
Pattern of declining health linked to declining socio-economic status of UK - people living in disadvantaged areas more likely to bear higher burden of ill health
Poor living conditions contribute to low life expectancy for individuals
Increased chance of disease for those individuals living in poor socio-economic conditions
What are the problems in the UK regarding drinking?
Previous governments failed to fix problem - Licensing Act failed to materialise
Too many places continue to cater for & blighted by drunks, regardless of consequences
Not been enough to challenge individuals that drink & harm others & of businesses which tolerate behaviour - result is responsible citizens paying price for irresponsible citizens & business
What are some governmental initiatives for tackling alcohol consumption in the UK?
Government ensure local areas able to tackle local problems, reduce alcohol-fuelled violent crime on streets & tackle health inequalities
Proposals suggest extensive range of tools & powers given to local agencies to challenge people continuing to behave unacceptably & make it easier to take action against problem premises
Local areas make decision themselves, working effectively in partnership & giving communities info they need to hold local services to account
Government will give stronger powers to control density of licensed premises - limiting numbers allowed entry into pubs & clubs
Areas given powers to restrict alcohol sales
If late opening were problem - areas given powers to make Early Morning Restriction Orders
Introduce new late night levy so businesses businesses that trade late into night contribute towards cost of policing
End notion drinking is unqualified right by piloting sobriety schemes for those people whose offending is linked to excessive alcohol consumption
R - Restrict alcohol sales
A - Able to tackle local problems
P - Powers given to local agencies
E - Early Morning Restriction Orders
D - Density of licensed premises
U - Unqualified right to drink
P - Policing costs (late night levy)
How does the UK compare to the rest of Europe in drinking culture?
Consumption of alcohol soared in Britain over past few decades - plummeted in most of Europe
Has stabilised/fallen in most wine producing countries, but rise continues in UK, now one of heaviest alcohol consuming countries
Cultural differences & tradition play major role - tradition in most European countries to drink wine
In Southern Europe, meal times account for 80% of drinking occasions - 50% in UK, relatively high proportions of drinking occasions occur at home & not in connection with meals
What are the causes & consequences of marketing & advertising alcohol?
Alcohol advertising expenditure rose from £150m to £250m annually between 1989-2000
Over same period, mean weekly alcohol consumption by young people aged 11-15 years also rose I highly correlated manner
Alcohol advertising expenditure is now £6b (2023)
Research shows 100,000 people in UK could die over next decade directly because of drinking
Death rate over last 25 years trebled to nearly 9,000 per year
What is the role of the Government’s GP referral scheme?
AKA exercise-on-prescription - promotes healthier lifestyle for individuals with certain medical conditions
With ever-increasing number of patients suffering from chronic illnesses in UK, benefits of exercise in disease prevention & rehabilitation become more prevalent
GP Referral Scheme lasts for 12 weeks & supervised by qualified staff who make sure clients have safe, effective & enjoyable start to healthier lifestyle,
e.g. Belfast Leisure Services invested lot of money on training staff & work with medical staff in assigned Belfast Leisure Centres
Exercise can play key role assisting post-operative recovery, mobility, insomnia & back pain, & improve self-esteem
What is Change4life?
Change4life - government backed initiative
Government looked for support from grass roots organisations to leading supermarkets & charities to create lifestyle revolution on huge scale
Change4life aims to help people make small, sustainable changes yet significant improvements in diet & activity levels. Uses slogan ‘eat well, move more, live longer’
Continual promotion of Change4life initiative necessary to continue to ensure message is communicated to all in society
Change4life aims to create movement in which everyone in society plays their part, helping to create fundamental changes to those behaviours that can help people lead healthier lives
What is the 5 a day initiatives?
Initiative aimed at getting people to increase amount of fruit & veg they eat on daily basis
Highlights health benefits of getting 5 80g portions of fruit & veg daily which can help to improve & maintain people’s health, boost immune system, have healthy body, lowers chances of disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, stroke & some cancers
Enables people to achieve balanced diet by incorporating fruit & veg, addressing vitamin & mineral consumption. Fruit & veg low in fat & calories, enabling people to maintain healthy weight & keeping their heart healthy
It can be expensive to consume diet of 5 A Day
What is the GP Referral Scheme?
GP Referral Scheme, also known as exercise-on-prescription, with aim of promoting healthier lifestyle for individuals with certain medical conditions. With increasing numbers of patients suffering from chronic illnesses in UK, benefits of exercise in disease prevention & rehabilitation has become more prevalent
GP Referral Scheme lasts for 12 weeks & supervised by qualified staff, working in conjunction with medical staff. Clients will be given safe & effective training programme which is start to more active, healthier lifestyle
Not all people will feel confident following training programme
People may not have access to transport to avail of this scheme
Discuss methods to prevent childhood obesity
Promotion of outside play
Encourage spontaneous play as well as organised sports
Lack of parental knowledge of healthy diet & portion size
Cost implications of healthy lifestyle & diet
Shock methods used in advertising campaigns wear off
Discuss extent to which Government initiatives on smoking have affected health of the nation in the UK
Smoking ban in UK was introduced, making it illegal to smoke in all enclosed workplaces. Prior to ban many businesses voluntarily introduced bans on smoking mainly as result of public feedback.
Tobacco advertising had been banned, gradually starting with ban on TV advertising of cigarettes in 1965 to complete ban on all tobacco advertising in 2005.
Government have set out plans to continue to reshape social norms around tobacco use to promote health & well-being. Plan includes ambitions to reduce smoking prevalence among adults & young people & during pregnancy.
Directors of Public Health will be strategic leaders for public health & health inequalities in local communities, working in partnership with local NHS & across public, private & voluntary sectors.
Tobacco Control Plan in England – Through this plan, the Government supports comprehensive tobacco control in England across six internationally recognised strands, which are:
– stopping promotion of tobacco;
– making tobacco less affordable;
– effective regulation of tobacco products;
– helping tobacco users to quit;
– reducing exposure to second-hand smoke; and – effective communications for tobacco control
