Lifestsges Chapter 1: Infancy (0-2)

Question 1

Introduction to Birth and Infancy (0-2)

Answer 1

Infants grow rapidly reaching approximately half their adult height by the time they are 2 years old. At around 1 year old infants can walk and by 2 years of age they can run.

Question 2

Newborn (P)

Answer 2

GMS > Primitive reflexes such as grasp.

FMS > Holds their thumbs tucked into their hands.

Question 3

1 month (P)

Answer 3

GMS > Lifts chin, some control of head.

FMS > Open hands to grasp a finger.

Question 4

3 months (P)

Answer 4

GMS > Can lift their head and chest when lying on front.

FMS > Can briefly grasp a rattle.

Question 5

6 months (P)

Answer 5

GMS > Rolls over, can sit up for a short time without support, kicks legs when held up.

FMS > Moves objects from hand to hand can pick up dropped toys if they are in sight.

Question 6

9-10 months (P)

Answer 6

GMS > Crawls, begins to cruise.

FMS > Uses finger and thumb to hold a small objects.

Question 7

12-13 months (P)

Answer 7

GMS > Stands alone, can walk without help.

FMS > Manipulates and places toys

Question 8

18 months (P)

Answer 8

GMS > Climbs onto furniture.

FMS > Builds a short tower with blocks.

Question 9

2 years (P)

Answer 9

GMS > Propels a sit-on-toy with their feet, throws a large ball.

FMS > Draws lines and circles, turns a page.

Question 10

3 months (I)

Answer 10

Language: Infants begin to make babbling noise as they learn to control the muscles associated with speech.

Question 11

12 months (I)

Answer 11

Infants begin to imitate sounds made by carers such as ‘da da’. Development of single words.

Question 12

2 years (I)

Answer 12

Infants begin to make 2 words sentences for example ‘cat goed’. Have a word vocabulary of 50 words.

Question 13

Emotional development (E)

Answer 13

Infants need to have formed secure attachment with main career by 9 months, as without a secure attachment babies may affect their emotional development in the future.

Question 14

0-3 months (E)

Answer 14

Smiles from 6 weeks.

Question 15

3 months (E)

Answer 15

Cries when alone

Question 16

6 months (E)

Answer 16

Recognises emotions in others and responds.

Question 17

15 months (E)

Answer 17

Emotionally dependent on parents/main carer and key worker.

Dislikes when main carer out of site.

Question 18

18 months (E)

Answer 18

Is emotionally dependent on main carers and key workers.

Question 19

2 years (E)

Answer 19

Temper tantrum.

Question 20

0-1 year (S)

Answer 20

Solo play > Looks at closely, puts thing into mouth and touches things with hands. Plays alone with toys. Begins to play simple games.

1 month > focuses on human faces with interest.
3 months > enjoys begin held and spoken to
6 months > Likes being held and played with .
9 months > wary of strangers, imitates other to actions such as clapping.
12 months >enjoys simple games with adults, stays closes to familiar adult and enjoys company.

Question 21

12-18 months (S)

Answer 21

Solo play > begins to play and talks alone, repeats actions and starts to play with adults, notices other children.

15 months > may follow adult out of rooms, enjoys being played with.
18 months > imitates actions of adult, plays alone but enjoys being with adults and siblings. Wants immediate attention.

Question 22

18-2 years (S)

Answer 22

Parallel play > begins to copy other adults and children. Enjoys playing with adults, sometimes still plays alone. Learns to complete tasks through trail and error.

2 years > has no understanding of waiting for needs to be met, plays in parallel with others but cannot share toys.