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Nutrition Science > Lifespan Nutrition > Flashcards

Lifespan Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Pregnancy weight gain: BMI

A

28-40 lbs

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2
Q

Pregnancy weight gain: BMI 25-29.9

A

15-25 lbs

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3
Q

Pregnancy weight gain: BMI >30

A

11-20 lbs

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4
Q

Additional calorie needs during 2nd trimester?

A

340 cals

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5
Q

Additional calorie needs during 3rd trimester?

A

452 cals

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6
Q

Additional calorie needs during lactation in first 6 months?

A

330 cals

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7
Q

Additional calorie needs during lactation in 6-12 months?

A

400 cals

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8
Q

Protein needs during second half of pregnancy and lactation?

A

71 grams

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9
Q

Weight gain during first 3 months of pregnancy (per month)?

A

1 lb per month

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10
Q

Weight gain after first 3 months of pregnancy (per week)?

A

1 lb per week

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11
Q

At risk pregnancy factors:

A

Failure to gain 4lbs per month in last half of pregnancy

35 years of age

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12
Q

Three minerals important to pregnant adolescent? (Needs extra)

A

Calcium, iron, zinc

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13
Q

Supplements during pregnancy:

A

Ferrous sulfate- 30 mgs during 2nd and 3rd trimesters (taken between meals, not with milk, tea, or coffee)

Folic acid - 400 mcg (added to 200 from food =600)

Calcium - 1300 mg if under 18 years old; 1000 mg if over 18

Progesterone - develops placenta after implantation

Linolenic acid - development of fetal nervous system

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14
Q

A normal weight infant is how many grams?

A

2500-4000 grams

  1. 5 - 4 kg
  2. 5 - 8.8 lbs
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15
Q

A low birth weight infant weighs less than?

A

2500 grams

5.5 lbs

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16
Q

A very low birth weight baby weighs less than?

A

1500 grams

3.3 lbs

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17
Q

Extra low birth weight baby weighs…

A

Less than 1000 g

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18
Q

Small for gestational age

A
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19
Q

Appropriate for gestational age

A

10th to 90th percentile

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20
Q

Large for gestational age

A

> 90th percentile

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21
Q

Nutrient needs for 0-6 months

A

550 calories
9 g pro
125-155 ml/kg water
At least 30 g fat

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22
Q

Nutrient needs 7-12 months

A

700 calories
11 g pro
1.5 ml/kcal water

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23
Q

Weight and length parameters 0-6 months?

A

13 lbs

24 in

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24
Q

Weight and length parameters 7-12 months?

A

20 lbs

28 in

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25
Q

Human milk calories

A

20 calories per oz

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26
Q

Hormone that Stimulates milk production…

A

Prolactin

27
Q

Hormone that moves milk through ducts…

A

Oxytocin

28
Q

Yellowish transparent fluid secreted from the breast during first few days. Has more protein, less fat and cho than mature milk. Has antibodies.

A

Colostrum

29
Q

How long is it recommended to breast feed?

A

At least 4-6 months, then supplemented by weaning foods for at least up to 12 months

30
Q

Breast fed infant supplement needs:

A

Vitamin D from birth

Fluoride after 6 mo of age of water is inadequate

31
Q

Milk supply is adequate if…

A

Infant gains weight and length
Has frequent stools
6-8 wet diapers per day

32
Q

Infant formula calories

A

20 calories per ounce

33
Q

Infant needs for formula

A

2.5 oz/lb/day
More iron and protein than breast milk, but lacks antibodies
Vit D is met if receives at least one quart of standard fortified formula per day
Fluoride if inadequate in water after 6 mo
Iron fortified recommended

34
Q

The increased breakdown of RBC or decreased intestinal motility during the first week of life is causes

A

Hyperbilirubinemia - unconjugsted bilirubin levels

Recommendations- encourage 9-12 feelings per day of human milk or formula to promote hydration and intestinal motility

35
Q

Nutrient stores in infants that decrease in 3-4 months. Need additional through formula or supplemental foods

A

Iron

36
Q

At how many months can solid foods be added?

A

4-6

37
Q

Solid food should be added when infant can…

A

Sustain sitting posture

Diminish extrusion reflex (tongue thrust)

38
Q

Foods to start with

A

Iron fortified Cereal

Then strained fruits and vegetables

39
Q

At 6-8 months, what kind of foods can be added

A

Large finger foods that can be secured with a palmar grasp

40
Q

Small finger foods (dry cereal) can be added a pincer grasp develops at what months?

A

9-12

41
Q

Cows milk shouldn’t be added to the infants diet until at least this age

A

1 year old

42
Q

Low fat and ff milk shouldn’t be given until at least this age

A

2 years

43
Q

A serving of foods with vitamin C should be given starting at 6 mo to increase absorption of

A

Ironwork non heme sources

44
Q

Pregnancy weight gain: BMI 18.5 - 24.9

A

25-35 lbs

45
Q

Growth rate slows between what two age ranges?

A

1-3

7-10

46
Q

Growth spurts occur during this age range in childhood.

A

4-6

47
Q

Serving sizes of food for ages 1-3 should be about…

A

2-4 oz or 2-4 T

48
Q

Protein needs during childhood

A

1-3: 13 g
4-8: 19 g
9-13: 34 g
14-18: 46-62 g (f/m)

49
Q

Most dietary deficiencies occur during …

A

Adolescence, final growth spurt

50
Q

Calcium requirements for 9-13 year olds

A

1300 mg

51
Q

Weight for length/stature is used for

A

Infants, young children
Identifying under/over nutrition, or writhing normal limits
Detecting short term changes in nutrition status

52
Q

Stature/length for age charts are used for

A

Infants to 20 years old
Defining shortness/tallness
Reflecting long term nutrition status (determines degree of stunting)

53
Q

Weight for age charts are used for

A

Short term marker of growth affected by acute nutrition status or growth
Not very useful
Does not include height - can’t distinguish between stunting and wasting

54
Q

BMI for age percentiles are used for

A

Children starting at age 2

Determine weight classifications - under, normal, over, obese

55
Q

Newborns typically lose 6% weight loss after born. This should be regained within how many days?

A

10-14 days

56
Q

Growth typically doesn’t deviate by more than how many percentile points from the established growth pattern?

A

25

57
Q

By the 4th-5th months of life, a newborns weight should have —- and by 12 months ——-. Length should increase by —-%.

A

Doubled; tripled; 50%

58
Q

By two years of age, weight should have —–. Length should have increased —%.

A

Quadrupled

59
Q

FTT may result from

A 
Acute or chronic illness
Restricted diet
Poor appetite
Lack of fiber leading to chronic constipation
Diminished intake
60
Q

Lead poisoning symptoms

A

Irritability, lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, anemia

61
Q

Adult RDA for protein

A

Males - 56 g

Females - 46 g

62
Q

AI for fiber for adults

A

38 g men, 25 g women
Over age 50:
30 for men, 21 for women

63
Q

Vitamin and mineral needs for elderly

A 
Calcium
Iron
Folate
B6
B12

Nutrition Science (8 decks)

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