Life In Extreme Environments 2

Question 1

_ can survive boiling water

Answer 1

Tardigrades

Question 2

Tardigrades can survive being frozen in _ temp

Answer 2

-328 (-200c)

Question 3

Tardigrades normally live in various _ environments

Answer 3

Moist

Question 4

Tardigrades live in soil and in _ sediments (2)

Answer 4

Marine

Freshwater

Question 5

In dry, oxygen poor or other extreme environments, Tardigrades transform their bodies into

Answer 5

Varieties of inactive states

Question 6

In inactive states, Tardigrades can survive for years or even

Answer 6

Centuries

Question 7

Heat-resistant enzymes from thermophilic bacteria are used in

Answer 7

Polymerase chain reactions

Question 8

Polymerase chain reactions in which DNA is

Answer 8

Heated for analysis

Question 9

PCR is used to detect

Answer 9

Infections such as COVId-19

Question 10

In cold, salty, or dry conditions, tardigrade’s body (3)

Answer 10

Dries out

Shrinks

Curls

Question 11

Dried up, shrunk, and curled state is known as

Answer 11

Tun state

Question 12

Low oxygen conditions cause tardigrade’s body to

Answer 12

Absorb increased levels of water (anoxybiosis)

Question 13

While in anoxybiosis, tardigrade’s body becomes (3)

Answer 13

Swollen

Still

Immobile

Question 14

In anoxybiosis state, tardigrade’s body becomes

Answer 14

Dormant

Question 15

To withstand slow changes such as seasonal changes, tardigrade builds up

Answer 15

Extra layers of cuticle (cyst)

Question 16

It’s body shrivels inside the hardened thick cuticle, producing a

Answer 16

Cyst

Question 17

_ like acid

Answer 17

Acidophiles

Question 18

Acid is a chemical, when mixed with water, increases

Answer 18

Concentration of positively charged hydrogen ions

Question 19

Acid causes internal damage to most

Answer 19

Cells

Question 20

Acidophiles have a _ that ejects H+

Answer 20

Proton pump

Question 21

Ejection keeps _ neutral

Answer 21

Cell’s internal pH

Question 22

To stop cells from becoming negatively charged and attracting more H+

Answer 22

Potassium ions (K+) are pumped in

Question 23

Potassium pumped into cells to balance

Answer 23

Electrical charge