DNA 2 Flashcards
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contains _ genes needed for mitochondria to function
37
_ is inherited from both parents
Nuclear DNA
mtDNA is inherited only from
The mother
By analyzing mtDNA from samples of thousands of people _
Found a single common female ancestor for everyone alive today
In forensic science, mtDNA used to analyze old _ that have low DNA content (3)
Teeth
Bones
Hair
1/3 of genes in mtDNA provide instructions for making _
Enzymes involved in creating ATP
Most genes provide instructions for making (2)
rRNA
tRNA
When a cell divides, DNA in nucleus will be _ so it can be replicated
Unzipped
Long DNA strand tightly coiled together with package proteins called _
Histones
DNA tightly coiled around histones forms a _
Chromosome
Thymine (yellow) always bonds with _
Adenine (red)
_ joins two bases (adenine, thymine, etc.)
Weak hydrogen bond
Backbone of each strand is made up of alternating _ molecules (2)
Sugar
Phosphate
_ is shaft _ is end of shaft
Rung
Base
Four _ pair up to form molecule’s rungs
Possible nitrogen bases
Guanine always binds with _
Cytosine
Guanine color _
Blue
Cytosine color _
Green
DNA stands for _
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA encodes instructions for making large molecules called _
Proteins
If all DNA molecule in human body was end to end it would stretch farther than _
Distance from sun to Pluto
Sun to Pluto distance
3.9 billion miles (6.2 billion km)
