Liberation In Eastern Europe🌺 Flashcards
What was decided at the 1943 Moscow meeting? What commission would set up and what declaration would be made?
The European Advisory Commission to determine occupation of Germany.
The Declaration of General Security was enforced to create the UN, stopping spheres of influence.
What landing did the USSR stop to secure Eastern Europe control?
At Tehran, 1943, they stopped plans to land at the Balkans in order to secure claims.
In 1944 who claimed what at the percentages deal?
In Moscow, Stalin was given 90% of Romania and 75% of Bulgaria. Britain was given 90% of Greece and Hungary and Yugoslavia were split.
What happened to Axis states : Finland, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, Italy?
ACCs were set up with first Anglo-American forces in Southern Italy; 1943. The USSR officials set up the same in Eastern Europe.
What happened to invaded countries Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Greece and Yugoslavia?
Governments-in-exile in London lost control over communist partisan groups. Stalin encouraged them to form popular fronts with peasant, socialist and liberal parties.
How did the polish annex Russian land?
In 1919 the Versailles settlement gave the polish the Curzon line 100km east of Warsaw, as set by Lord Curzon. The Polish invaded Ukraine in 1920 and by 1921 claimed western Russian land in the Treaty of Riga.
When did Russians regain annexed land and when did they lose it again?
In September 1939 they regained annexed land due to non-aggression pact, but lost it in Jan 1944.
What happened in Poland from Jan 1944-1945
Jan : troops enter polish frontier.
July : Committee of National Liberation is set up appealing for social change.
Aug : the Home Army is destroyed as the NKVD attack survivors of the Warsaw Uprising, as Russians left polish for dead only covering 12km of Warsaw, making them surrender in October.
Jan : committee for national liberation is recognised by Stalin.
What did Stalin order in Poland, 1940 ?
4000 polish officers to be shot at Katyn, Smolensk. The NKVD began to search for polish volunteers.
Why did Stalin want Romania?
Access to Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, and Central Europe.
Control of the Black Sea.
What happened on 20 Aug 1944?
Before the USSR approached Bucharest, the King deposed Nazi dictator Marshall Antonescu. The liberal parties hoped Romania could negotiate ceasefire. The British didn’t open up a second front.
By 12 sept 1944 what did Romanians have to do? How did the communists gain control leading to the march coup?
ACCs were set up and the communists had coalitions with socialists, liberals, and the peasants party (Ploughman’s Front). In winter Romania was ungovernable. By March Stalin encouraged workers to take farms from owners and set up production committees in factories.
The National Democratic Front government was made.
Why did Stalin want Bulgaria?
To dominate Turkish straits and Greek frontier approaches.
In September 1944 what happened in Bulgaria?
Several thousand armed partisans were controlled by local communists who set up the Patriotic Front consisting of Social Democrats, left wing Agrarians, and Zveno, (anti royalists). They set up government in Sofia, armed, and overthrew the ruling class with 10,000 executed. Police and trade unions were infiltrated. Stalin didn’t want them to antagonise the west and so requester them to be more moderate. Bulgarians were backed by violent Societ ACC Chairmen, though.
What happened on 14 Oct 1943 Yugoslavia? What did Tito set up? Who were the rivals led by?
By April 1944 what did Molotov decide Yugoslavia would be?
In May who supported them against rivals?
When did Yugoslavia liberate Albania?
When did Stalin veto federation with Bulgaria?
On 14 Oct Belgrade was attacked, with war waged against the Serbs and nationalist Croats led by Colonel Mikhailovic.
Liberation committees were set.
In April, Molotov told Stalin Yugoslavia would be ‘chief mainstay’ in south-east Europe.
In May British offered support.
Albania was liberated in November.
By January the federation with Bulgaria was vetoed.
