Lessons 30-32 Review Flashcards
The genitive, ALWAYS accompanied by an ____, may be used to ____ a noun or a noun-equivalent.
Grammar
Homо̄ magnae virtūtis
A man of great courage
Fossa vīgintī pedum
A twenty-foot ditch (lit.: a ditch of twenty feet)
The genitive, ALWAYS accompanied by an adjective, may be used to DESCRIBE a noun or a noun-equivalent.
Homо̄ magnae virtūtis
A man of great courage
Fossa vīgintī pedum
A twenty-foot ditch (lit.: a ditch of twenty feet)
Phrases of size, number, weight, time, space, worth, rank, position, value, and kind (____, sort, manner and ____, kind) are always in the ____.
Grammar
Fossa vīgintī pedum
A twenty-foot ditch
Situs oppidī erat hūjus modī.
The position of the town was of this sort.
Phrases of size, number, weight, time, space, worth, rank, position, value, and kind (modus, sort, manner and genus, kind) are always in the genitive.
Fossa vīgintī pedum
A twenty-foot ditch
Situs oppidī erat hūjus modī.
The position of the town was of this sort.
Phrases descriptive of parts of the body or external appearances are always in the ____.
Grammar
Puella caeruleīs oculīs
A blue-eyed girl
Phrases descriptive of parts of the body or external appearances are always in the ABLATIVE.
Puella caeruleīs oculīs
A blue-eyed girl
Transient qualities or states are always in the ____.
Grammar
Grātо̄ animо̄ sum.
I am grateful.
Transient qualities or states are always in the ABLATIVE.
Grātо̄ animо̄ sum.
I am grateful.
The ablative and genitive of description supply in Latin for many adjectives which that language does not possess. Thus we say: a blue-eyed girl. But the Romans had no adjective for ____; hence, they said: ____ ____ ____, a girl with blue eyes.
Grammar
The ablative and genitive of description supply in Latin for many adjectives which that language does not possess. Thus we say: a blue-eyed girl. But the Romans had no adjective for blue-eyed; hence, they said: puella caeruleīs oculīs, a girl with blue eyes.
The ablative, always accompanied by an ____, may be used, ____ or ____, to describe a noun or noun-equivalent.
Grammar
Caesar erat vir summо̄ ingeniо̄.
Caesar was a man of the highest genius.
Puer caeruleīs oculīs
A blue-eyed boy
A boy with blue eyes
Vir magnо̄ corpore
A man with a large body
The ablative, always accompanied by an adjective, may be used, attributively or predicatively, to describe a noun or noun-equivalent.
Caesar erat vir summо̄ ingeniо̄.
Caesar was a man of the highest genius.
Puer caeruleīs oculīs
A blue-eyed boy
A boy with blue eyes
Vir magnо̄ corpore
A man with a large body
For the distinction between the ____ of description and the ____ of description see Nos. 696-699.
Grammar
For the distinction between the ablative of description and the genitive of description see Nos. 696-699.
1. Translate; 2. Explain the syntax of the italicized phrase:
Parvī animī est quī rēs magnās gerere nо̄n velit.
Exercise
He is of small spirit who does not wish to do (accomplish) great things. (Parvī animī, gen of description.)
vir viri m.
Review
virile
man
NOUN
puer púeri m.
Review
puerile
boy, child
NOUN
vesper vésperi m.
Review
vespers
evening
NOUN
ager agri m.
Review
agriculture
field, ground
NOUN
culter cultri m.
Review
cutlery
knife
NOUN
liber libri m.
Review
library
book
NOUN
magister magistri m.
Review
magistrate, master
teacher (male)
NOUN
magistra -ae f.
Review
magistrate, master
teacher (female)
NOUN
líberi liberorum m.
Review
children
NOUN
dexter -tra -trum
Review
dexterity, dextrous
right, right-hand
ADJECTIVE
sinister -tra -trum
Review
sinister
left, left-hand
ADJECTIVE
ínteger -gra -grum
Review
integral, integer
whole, uninjured
ADJECTIVE
pulcher -chra -chrum
Review
pulchritude
beautiful
ADJECTIVE
sacer -cra -crum
Review
sacred, sacrifice
sacred
ADJECTIVE
aeger -gra -grum
Review
sick, ill
ADJECTIVE
piger -gra -grum
Review
lazy
ADJECTIVE
asper áspera ásperum
Review
asperity
rough, harsh
ADJECTIVE
miser mísera míserum
Review
miserable
wretched
ADJECTIVE
liber líbera líberum
Review
liberty
free
ADJECTIVE
civis civis m./f.
Review
civil, civilian, civic
citizen
NOUN
hostis hostis m./f.
Review
hostile, hostility
enemy
NOUN
navis navis f.
Review
naval, navy
ship
NOUN
collis collis m.
Review
hill
NOUN
pons pontis m.
Review
pontoon
bridge
NOUN
mons montis m.
Review
Montana
mountain
NOUN
pars partis f.
Review
partition
part, region
NOUN
urbs urbis f.
Review
urban, suburbs
city
NOUN
gens gentis f.
Review
Gentile
tribe
NOUN
mare maris n.
Review
marine
sea
NOUN
brevis -e
Review
brief, brevity
short, brief
ADJECTIVE
fácilis -e
Review
facility
easy
ADJECTIVE
diffícilis -e
Review
difficulty
difficult
ADJECTIVE
fortis -e
Review
fortitude, fort
strong, brave
ADJECTIVE
gravis -e
Review
gravity
heavy, serious, severe
ADJECTIVE
omnis -e
Review
omni-
each, every (s.), all (pl.)
ADJECTIVE
turpis -e
Review
turpitude
shameful, disgraceful
ADJECTIVE
dulcis -e
Review
dulcimer
sweet, pleasant
ADJECTIVE
fidelis -e
Review
fidelity
faithful
ADJECTIVE
nóbilis -e
Review
nobility
noble
ADJECTIVE
aqua -ae f.
Review
aquarium
water
NOUN
culpa -ae f.
Review
culprit
fault, blame
NOUN
ira -ae f.
Review
irate
anger
NOUN
luna -ae f.
Review
lunatic
moon
NOUN
silva -ae f.
Review
sylvan, Pennsylvania
forest
NOUN
stella -ae f.
Review
stellar
star
NOUN
umbra -ae f.
Review
umbrella
shadow
NOUN
unda -ae f.
Review
undulate
wave
NOUN
ursa -ae f.
Review
Ursa Major
bear
NOUN
vita -ae f.
Review
vitamin
life
NOUN
Ager Vaticanus
Review
The Vatican Field
Ad astra per áspera.
Review
To the stars through difficulties.
Mare Nostrum
Review
Our Sea
Ars longa vita brevis.
Review
Art is long and life is short.
Ego sum via et véritas et vita.
Review
I am the way, the truth, and the life.
Translate:
He was a large-bodied¹ man.
Exercise
¹Use a noun in the ablative of description, Gr. 699.
Homо̄ magnо̄ corpore erat.
Translate:
They made an attack on the camp.
Exercise
(Study the meanings of on carefully before translating.)
Impetum in castra fēcērunt.
quia, quod, quoniam; conjs.
Vocabulary
because
cum, conj.
Vocabulary
since
Quod, quia, quoniam, ‘because,’ take the ____ when the reason is given as the real reason (i.e., the reason is an objective fact and the writer is willing to take responsibility for its being the real reason).
Grammar
Quod mīles fortis nо̄n fuit, fūgit.
Because the soldier was not brave, he fled.
(The soldier was actually a coward. That is the reason for his fleeing, and the writer or speaker is willing to vouch for its truth.)
Quod, quia, quoniam, ‘because,’ take the INDICATIVE when the reason is given as the real reason (i.e., the reason is an objective fact and the writer is willing to take responsibility for its being the real reason.)
Quod mīles fortis nо̄n fuit, fūgit.
Because the soldier was not brave, he fled.
(The soldier was actually a coward. That is the reason for his fleeing, and the writer or speaker is willing to vouch for its truth.)
Quod, quia, quoniam, ‘because,’ take the ____ (____ ____ ____, Nos. 524-537) when the reason is given as the reason alleged (i.e., the reason may or may not be an objective fact, but it is the reason that people other than the speaker or writer give for the action in the main clause.)
Grammar
Quod mīles fortis nо̄n fuisset, fūgit.
Because the soldier was not brave, he fled.
(The soldier may or may not have been brave, but people other than the writer give that as the reason for his fleeing.)
Imperātor lēgātum laudat quod fortiter pugnāverit.
The commander praises the lieutenant because he fought bravely.
(The lieutenant may or may not have fought bravely, but that is the commander’s reason for praising him.)
Quod, quia, quoniam, ‘because,’ take the SUBJUNCTIVE (TENSE BY SEQUENCE, Nos. 524-537) when the reason is given as the reason alleged (i.e., the reason may or may not be an objective fact, but it is the reason that people other than the speaker or writer give for the action in the main clause).
Grammar
Quod mīles fortis nо̄n fuisset, fūgit.
Because the soldier was not brave, he fled.
(The soldier may or may not have been brave, but people other than the writer give that as the reason for his fleeing.)
Imperātor lēgātum laudat quod fortiter pugnāverit.
The commander praises the lieutenant because he fought bravely.
(The lieutenant may or may not have fought bravely, but that is the commander’s reason for praising him.)
Cum, ‘since,’ takes the ____; ____ ____ ____ (Nos. 524-537).¹
Grammar
Quae cum ita sint, discēde!
Since this is the case, depart!
¹See No. 627 for causal clauses introduced by a relative.
Cum, ‘since,’ takes the subjunctive; tense by sequence (Nos. 524-537).¹
Quae cum ita sint, discēde!
Since this is the case, depart!
¹See No. 627 for causal clauses introduced by a relative.
1. Translate; 2. Explain the syntax of the italicized words:
Quoniam nox est, vо̄s dīmittam.
Exercise
Because it is night, I shall send you away. (Quoniam . . . est, indic. expressing the real reason.)
fília -ae f.
Review
filial
daughter
NOUN
Gállia -ae f.
Review
Gallic
Gaul
NOUN
grátia -ae f.
Review
gracious
grace, favor, thanks (pl.)
NOUN
Hispánia -ae f.
Review
Hispanic
Spain
NOUN
Lúcia -ae f.
Review
Lucy
NOUN
pátria -ae f.
Review
patriotic
fatherland, country
NOUN
pecúnia -ae f.
Review
money
NOUN
província -ae f.
Review
provincial
province
NOUN
via -ae f.
Review
viaduct
road, way
NOUN
victória -ae f.
Review
victorious
victory
NOUN
áquila -ae f.
Review
aquiline
eagle
NOUN
aurora -ae f.
Review
aurora borealis
dawn
NOUN
corona -ae f.
Review
coronation
crown
NOUN
culina -ae f.
Review
culinary
kitchen
NOUN
fábula -ae f.
Review
fabulous
story, tale
NOUN
fémina -ae f.
Review
feminine
woman
NOUN
fenestra -ae f.
Review
window
NOUN
fortuna -ae f.
Review
fortunate
fortune
NOUN
ínsula -ae f.
Review
insulate
island
NOUN
jánua -ae f.
Review
January
door
NOUN
meus -a -um
Review
my
ADJECTIVE
tuus -a -um
Review
your
ADJECTIVE
noster -tra -trum
Review
our
ADJECTIVE
vester -tra -trum
Review
your (pl.)
ADJECTIVE
tenus (w/abl.)
Review
as far as
PREPOSITION
a/ab, coram, cum, de, e/ex, in, prae, pro, sine, sub, tenus
Review
Prepositions
that take the ablative
ara -ae f.
Review
altar
NOUN
epístula -ae f.
Review
epistle
letter
NOUN
porta -ae f.
Review
portal
gate
NOUN
sella -ae f.
Review
seat
NOUN
villa -ae f.
Review
villa
farmhouse
NOUN
a, ab (w/abl.)
Review
absent
by, from
PREPOSITION
coram (w/abl.)
Review
in the presence of
PREPOSITION