Lesson 9

Question 1

consists of enduring distinctive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize the way an individual adapts to the world

Answer 1

personality

Question 2

a relatively consistent pattern of affect, behavior, and cognition that give both consistency
and individuality to people

Answer 2

personality

Question 3

refers to the tendency for people to accept very general or vague characterizaƟons of
themselves and take them to be accurate, e.g. horoscopes, fortune telling, etc.

Answer 3

barnum effect

Question 4

Common Areas of Focus across all personality theories

Answer 4

traits
characteristic adaptations
life stories

Question 5

general paƩern of responding that individuals exhibit in response to certain situaƟons

Answer 5

characterisƟc adaptaƟons

Question 6

includes what happened in a person’s life, why it was important, what it means
for who the person was, is, and for who they will become in the future

Answer 6

life stories

Question 7

an approach for analyzing the structure of personality by measuring, idenƟfying, and
classifying similariƟes and differences in personality traits or characterisƟcs

Answer 7

trait theory

Question 8

characterisƟc behaviors and feelings that are consistent and long-lasƟng

Answer 8

traits

Question 9

an American psychologist often referred to as one of the founding figures of
personality psychology

Answer 9

Gordon Allport

Question 10

proposes 3 kinds of personality traits

Answer 10

Gordon Allport

Question 11

traits that exert relaƟvely weak effects on behavior

Answer 11

secondary traits

Question 12

5 to 10 traits that best describe personality

Answer 12

central traits

Question 13

single trait that dominates an individual’s entire personality

Answer 13

cardinal trait

Question 14

states that personality is made up of five core factors

Answer 14

five-factor theory

Question 15

big five core factors

Answer 15

Openness to experience,
Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism

Question 16

the extent to which a person actively looks for and enjoys experiences for
their own sake

Answer 16

Openness to experience

Question 17

imaginative, curious, wide range of interests, independent

Answer 17

high level of Openness to experience

Question 18

practical, conventional, conservative, prefers routine, cautious

Answer 18

low level of Openness to experience

Question 19

refers to the amount and intensity of organizaƟon, self-control, and
persistence an individual shows in reaching goals

Answer 19

conscientiousness

Question 20

hardworking, well-organized, careful, self-disciplined, responsible,
precise

Answer 20

high level of conscientiousness

Question 21

– impulsive, disorganized, careless, weak-willed, neglecƞul

Answer 21

low level of conscientiousness

Question 22

refers to the amount and intensity of interpersonal interacƟons an
individual engages in

Answer 22

extraversion

Question 23

sociable, talkative, fun-loving, affectionate, and adventurous

Answer 23

high level of extraversion

Question 24

retiring, sober, reserved, withdrawn, cautious, quiet

Answer 24

low level of extraversion

Question 25

refers to the degree to which a person is able to connect with others compassionately

Answer 25

Agreeableness

Question 26

compassionate, good natured, gentle, cooperaƟve, trusƟng, helpful

Answer 26

high level of Agreeableness

Question 27

detached, irritable, ruthless, suspicious, uncooperaƟve, criƟcal, headstrong

Answer 27

low level of Agreeableness

Question 28

refers to overall emoƟonal stability of an individual through how they perceive the world

Answer 28

Neuroticism

Question 29

sensitive, anxious, vulnerable, excitable, dramaƟc shifts in mood, insecure, hypochondriacal

Answer 29

high level of Neuroticism

Question 30

– confident, poised, calm, composed, emoƟonally stable, resilient, rarely feels sad or depressed, secure

Answer 30

low level of Neuroticism