Lesson 7A Diseases of the Heart, Blood Vessels, and Blood

Question 1

predisposing factors heart disease

Answer 1

heredity; obesity; diabetes; elevated cholesterol levels; social factors- smoking, substance abuse, stress, diet

Question 2

temporary enlargement of heart

Answer 2

dilation

Question 3

enlargement of body part/organ by increase size of cells already present; permanent stretching of heart muscle fibers

Answer 3

hypertrophy

Question 4

inflammation of endocardium; innermost layer; results in heart murmur

Answer 4

endocarditis

Question 5

insufficency (incompetence); stenosis; prolapse

Answer 5

valvular defects

Question 6

failure of valve to close/seat properly; most affect mitral/bicuspid valve because of only 2 distinct bicusps; heart murmur

Answer 6

insufficency (incompetence)

Question 7

narrowing in size of opening controlled by specific heart valve

Answer 7

stenosis

Question 8

weakness in one of the cusps/sections of a heart valve; doesnt remain closed when should

Answer 8

prolapse

Question 9

inflammation of pericardium- sac around heart

Answer 9

pericarditis

Question 10

inflammation of muslce layer of heart

Answer 10

myocarditis

Question 11

caused by steptococcus pyogenes; aschoff bodies (scar tissue) on valves

Answer 11

rheumatic heart disease

Question 12

presence/formation of atheromas-fatty plaques, early stage of hardening arteries; in tortuous

Answer 12

atherosclerosis

Question 13

artery can quickly change vol. of blood flow through them

Answer 13

tortuous

Question 14

presence/formation of attached blood clot during life

Answer 14

thrombosis

Question 15

abnormal contraction

Answer 15

spasm

Question 16

free floating object in blood stream

Answer 16

embolism

Question 17

atherosclerosis, thrombosis, spasms, embolisms

Answer 17

coronary artery disease

Question 18

come on suddenly; massive heart attack

Answer 18

acute

Question 19

long term; slow onset

Answer 19

chronic

Question 20

localized area of dead heart muscle tissue caused by interference in blood supply

Answer 20

myocardial infarction

Question 21

caused by hypertension

Answer 21

hypertensive heart disease

Question 22

disease of heart muscle

Answer 22

cardiomyopathy

Question 23

inflammation of heart; enlargement of heart

Answer 23

carditis

Question 24

inflammation of artery; cardiac catherization

Answer 24

arteritis

Question 25

hardening of arteries; chronic, lumen progressively narrowed; most common femoral arteries

Answer 25

arteriosclerosis

Question 26

presence of atheromas

Answer 26

atherosclerosis

Question 27

weakness in wall of artery

Answer 27

aneurysm

Question 28

localized bulging one side

Answer 28

sacular

Question 29

weakness in wall goes around entire wall at certain point

Answer 29

fusaform

Question 30

inflammation of vein

Answer 30

phlebitis

Question 31

dialated/engorged superfical veins

Answer 31

varicose veins

Question 32

sudden and temporary increase in total number of WBC as part of normal inflammatory response

Answer 32

leukocytosis

Question 33

decrease in total number of WBC due to disease

Answer 33

leukopenia

Question 34

decrease in RBC; lack of blood

Answer 34

anemia

Question 35

increaes in total number of RBC due to disease

Answer 35

polycythemia vera (erythrocytosis)

Question 36

bleeding disorders

Answer 36

hemophilia; purpura; thrombocytopenia

Question 37

infinity for blood

Answer 37

hemophilia

Question 38

hemorrhage scattered throught hte body; widespread hemorrhage

Answer 38

purpura

Question 39

decrease in total number of thrombocytes/platelets due to disease

Answer 39

thrombocytopenia